Hinduism is a religion which developed over a long period of time with many changes in it along the way. The group of people who migrated from Mesopotamia to India began as monotheists, and their worship was very similar to that of the Hebrews. Over time the pantheon of gods grew and the religion changed it's character dramatically.
The caste system is integral to Hinduism. Reincarnation is a tenet of the religion and you are born into our caste (if you make it to human) relative to the actions of your preceding ife (which is your karma). The brahmin class is closest to making it to perfection. This cycle of birth and rebirth goes on and on and then every six thousand years the world dissolves, rests for a thousand, and then the the whole process starts over again.
So even if you make it to perfection in one six thousand year period, you have the next to contend with. This led many to despair.
Siddhartha, later Guatama Buddha, began his quest as an attempt to find a way out of this diabolical cycle. He never, by the way, claimed godhood for himself. His followers started that one.
The Jainists also tried to find a way off the cosmic wheel, and they were so despairing that they recommended suicide if one had not reached enlightenment after twelve years.
One can look at a religion philosophically and theoretically or one can look at what it produces in the lives of it's people. When sacred cows are more important than starving people, well, think about it.
2006-07-09 12:59:11
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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Hinduism is the oldest religion on earth. Its real name is Santan Dharma (eternal religion). Hinduism is mother of all religions, as there is nothing philosophically new in any religion, which does not have its roots in Hinduism. For example:-
The Bhakti yoga of hindus believes in having faith in god and do service in the name of god. It also believes in heaven and hell. Christianity is like bhakti yoga
Karma yoga tell to do our duty as God desires and leave the fruits to him. It asks us to zealously do god's duty without questioning.... Islam is based on this
Buddhism is based on Sankhya yoga
witchcraft and other such paths have roots in Left hand path of Tantra.
Hinduism is divided into two parts....rituals and philosophy
It is the philosophy part which is the root of hinduism. This philosophy deals mainly in understanding the Matter, mind and Universe and tells us how to reach the ultimate Truth
Hinduism has been maligned mainly by christian missionaries and western media, who do not want people to study hinduism, due to its deep philosophical roots, as it may decrease their numbers
Hinduism believes in One God who is formless and attributes less. He is called Brham or AUM by hindus.
This single God manifests as Universe,...hence he remains in the core of all beings.
Hindu rituals are open to debate as they may be alien to westners...but these too have their roots in philosophy. Because simple and uneducated people did not understand deep truths, they were told to perform rituals...till they are mentally developed
Hinduism is very accepting and non-arrogant relgion. Hinduism does not condemn non-hindus to hell
Also Hinduism does not teach to hate other relgions, prophets or beliefs.. as hindus believe in Gita which says
"As all rivers reach the ocean by different routes, all religions reach the Supreme God"
2006-07-09 12:14:20
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answer #6
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answered by Anonymous
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Hinduism is a religion or philosophy that orginated from the Indian subcontinent and nearby surrounding areas. It is the oldest known religion in the world today and has no main founder, no main holy book, and no main holy city. The first actual written scriptures were the Vedas, and as time passed, many other scriptures also emerged. The term Hinduism is heterogeneous, as Hinduism consists of several schools of thought. It encompasses many religious rituals that widely vary in practice, as well as many diverse sects and philosophies. Many Hindus, influenced by Advaita philosophy, venerate an array of deities, considering them manifestations of the one supreme monistic Cosmic Spirit, Brahman, while many others focus on a singular concept of Brahman (God), as in Vaishnavism, Saivism and Shaktism.
Hinduism is the third largest religion in the world, with approximately 900 million adherents (2005 figure), of whom approximately 890 million live in India.
Basic beliefs
The Atha Naradiyamahapuranam describes the mechanics of the cosmos. Depicted here are Vishnu the Maintainer with his consort Lakshmi resting on Shesha Nag. The great sage Narada and Brahma the Creator are also pictured.Themes common to the value system of Hindus are the belief in Dharma (individual ethics, duties and obligations), SamsÄra (Reincarnation/rebirth), Karma ("actions", leading to a cause-and-effect relationship), and Moksha (salvation) for every soul through a variety of paths, such as Bhakti (devotional service), Karma (selfless action) and JñÄna (enlightenment, knowledge), Raja (meditation) and of course, belief in God (Īshvara). Reincarnation, or the soul's transmigration through a cycle of birth and death until it attains Moká¹£ha, is governed by Karma. The philosophy of Karma lays forth the results of free-willed actions, which leave their imprint on the soul or the self, called Ätman. These actions determine the course of life and the life cycle for the soul in its subsequent life. Virtuous actions take the soul closer to the Supreme Divine and lead to a birth with higher consciousness. Evil actions hinder this recognition of the Supreme Divine, and the soul takes lower forms of worldly life. According to Hinduism, all existence, from vegetation to mankind, are subject to the eternal Dharma, which is the natural law. Even Heaven (Svarga Loka) and Hell (Naraka Loka) are temporary. Liberation from material existence and the cycle of birth and death to join, reach or develop a relationship with the "universal spirit", is known as Moksha, which is the ultimate goal of all Hindus. (Whether one seeks to join an impersonal universal spirit or develop a relationship with the Supreme in a personal form is a matter of personal choice.)
Other principles include the Guru-shishya tradition, the divinity of the word OM, the power of mantras and manifestations of the Divine's spirit in all forms of existence . According to Hinduism, the essential spark of the Atman/Brahman is in every living being, the concept being that all living beings are divine. Another belief is that though Hindu texts mention a class of evil beings (demons, called Asuras or RÄksasas), opposed to the celestial spirits (Devas), essential Hindu philosophy does not believe in any concept of a central Devil or Satan. This does not mean that all the evil in the world is attributed to God, but that the evil (deed or thought) is ascribed to human ignorance. Since the Hindu scriptures are essentially silent on the issue of religious conversion, the issue of whether Hindus evangelize is open to interpretations. In practice, though, almost universally, Hindus do not evangelize. (See Conversion to Hinduism)
Nature of God
The Vedas depict Brahman as the Ultimate Reality, the Absolute or Universal Soul (ParamÄtman) . It is the ultimate principle who is without a beginning, without an end, who is hidden in all and who is the cause, source, material and effect of all creation known, unknown and yet to happen in the entire universe. Brahman (not to be confused with the deity BrahmÄ) is seen as the unique panentheistic Cosmic Spirit. Brahman may be viewed as bereft of personal attributes — Nirguá¹a Brahman (except the qualities of infinite truth, infinite consciousness and infinite bliss), or with auspicious manifestable attributes — Saguá¹a Brahman. The former view is called Parabrahman and the latter view is called Aparabrahman.
Perhaps the best word in Hinduism to represent the concept of God is Īshvara (literally, the Supreme Lord) . In Advaita VedÄnta philosophy, Īshvara is simply the form of Brahman manifested upon the human mind. According to SmÄrta views, the Supreme Being can be with attributes, Saguna Brahman, and also be viewed with whatever attributes (e.g., a goddess) a devotee conceives . For the Hindus, Īshvara, who is one and only one, is full of innumerable auspicious qualities; He is omniscient, omnipotent, perfect, just, merciful, glorious, mysterious, and yet full of love. He is the Creator, the Ruler and the Destroyer of this universe. Some believe Him to be infinite and incorporeal. In Vaishnavism and Shaivism, Saguna Brahman is viewed solely as Vishnu or Shiva—so their followers may attribute an anthropomorphic form to Īshvara. He is also called BhagavÄn both in Sanskrit and in modern Hindi. Note that gender is not a distinguishing attribute: Īshvara is neither male nor female, neither "with gender" nor "without" (although grammatically masculine). Brahman is grammatically neuter.
The Hindu religion also believes in many celestial entities, called Devas. The word Devas may variously be translated into English as gods, demigods, deities, celestial spirits or angels, none of which is an exact translation. The feminine of deva is devī. It is the worship of the devas that gives the impression that Hinduism is polytheistic. However, the terms Īshvara and devas must not be confused. Devas could be said to be as numerous as 330 million. But it is incorrect to say that Hinduism has 330 million Gods, which are more correctly devas, or celestial beings. Hinduism is considered a "polymorphic monotheistic" religion, meaning one god, the all powerful Brahman, takes different forms.
2006-07-09 12:20:11
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answer #9
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answered by ii_classy_ii 2
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