when dextrose,saline,mannitol,other iv fluids r given to patients,diff.significance of each fluid?

Question

medicine

Answer 1

Dextrose is simply in lay terms sugar water and is generally used in those patients who have a very low blood glucose level or are unable to eat for some reason. It is a short term treatment generally. Saline or 9%NS IV solution is used as the universal fluid replacement in dehydrated individuals, it is the same composition as the body's normal fluid and most IV medications can safely be mixed with or push through saline. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic agent, it also acts as a weak vasodilator. There are multiple other forms and combinations of IV fluids to consider when treating patients.

Answer 2

Dextrose and saline and kind of normal run of the mill IV hydration flluids. There is also a dextrose and saline mix. The Mannitol is a diuretic and is usually used when someone is in the ICU in a more severe physical state.

Answer 3

Complex answer in brief.
Body fluid is divided into different compartments:
Intracellular, extracellular and intravascular.
The distribution of fluid between the compartments is created by a combination of cell membreane ion pumps, electrochemical gradients and oncotic pressure due to solutes which cannot diffuse through semi-permeable membranes.
Thus pure water will distribute across all three compartments, crystalloids across the intravascular and extracellular only and most colloids across the intravascular compartment only.
Dextrose behaves like water as the small glucose content is rapidly metabolised so it replaces volume loss from the total body water compartment (it's calorific content is poor being only approx. 120 kcal per litre of 5%Dextrose solution).
Saline (0.9% sodium chloride) will diffuse only across intravascular and extracellular spaces to replenish extracellular volume loss.
Colloids (solutions with large particles like starch or gelatin) will initially stay in the vascular space along and are rapid vascular space volume expanders used to treat hypovolaemia.
Mannitol is a special case, it also behaves as a colloid except it is used specifically to generate osmotic diuresis and, as it is hypertonic, to reduce oedema, especially after head injuries.

Answer 4

What these people said. lol