What would cause kidneys to fail in a two year old?

Question

And can doctors fix it?

Answer 1

Childhood Kidney Diseases
The most common kidney diseases in children are present at birth. They include:

Posterior urethral valve obstruction: This narrowing or obstruction of the urethra affects only boys. It can be diagnosed before the baby is born or just afterwards and treated with surgery.

Fetal hydronephrosis: This enlargement of one or both of the kidneys is caused by either an obstruction in the developing urinary tract or a condition called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in which urine abnormally flows backward (or refluxes) from the bladder into the ureters. Fetal hydronephrosis is usually diagnosed before the child is born and treatment varies widely. In some cases the condition only requires ongoing monitoring; in others, surgery must be done to clear the obstruction from the urinary tract.

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD): This is a condition in which many fluid-filled cysts develop in both kidneys. The cysts can multiply so much and grow so large that they lead to kidney failure. Most forms of PKD are inherited. Doctors can diagnose the condition before or after the child is born. In some cases, there are no symptoms; in others, PKD can lead to urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and high blood pressure. Treatment for PKD also varies widely. In some cases, PKD can be managed with dietary changes; in others, it requires a kidney transplant or dialysis, which is a medical treatment that helps the body filter waste when the kidneys can't do the job.

Multicystic kidney disease: This is when large cysts develop in a kidney that hasn't developed properly, eventually causing it to stop functioning. (While PKD always affects both kidneys, multicystic kidney disease usually affects only one kidney.) Usually diagnosed before a baby is born, this condition can lead to kidney failure. Currently, there is no cure, but doctors can manage it by preventing and treating infections, maintaining blood pressure, and addressing any issues that arise with surgery.

Renal tubular acidosis: This is a condition in which the kidneys do not properly regulate the amount of acid in the body. It can cause kidney stones and affect a child's growth, but usually can be treated with medications.

Wilms tumor: This is a type of childhood cancer that involves the kidney. It is typically diagnosed within the first 2 years of life and can be treated with surgery and chemotherapy.

Glomerulonephritis: This is an inflammation or infection of the glomeruli, which are parts of the nephrons that contain tiny blood vessels. It can affect the kidney's ability to properly filter out waste and can lead to swelling, blood in the urine, and a reduced amount of urine production. Some cases can be treated with medication, while others require dialysis or a kidney transplant.

Nephrotic syndrome: This occurs when the body loses large amounts of protein through the urine, typically because of some sort of change in the nephrons. It is usually diagnosed after the child is 1 year old. Swelling of the face, abdomen, and extremities are among the main symptoms, and are often relieved with medication.

Congenital problems with the urinary tract: As a child develops in the womb, a part of the urinary tract can grow to an abnormal size or in an abnormal shape or position. These problems include:

duplication of the ureters, in which a kidney has two ureters instead of one. This can lead to urinary tract infections over time and can be treated with medication or occasionally with surgery.
horseshoe kidney, where the two kidneys are fused (connected) into one arched kidney that usually functions normally, but is more prone to develop problems later in life. An uncomplicated horseshoe kidney does not need medical or surgical treatment, but it does need to be checked regularly by doctors.
Other Problems With the Kidneys
Sometimes a child can have other health problems that affect how well the kidneys function. These can include:

High blood pressure or hypertension. The kidneys control blood pressure by regulating the amount of salt in the body and by making the enzyme renin that, along with other substances, controls the constriction of blood vessels. The many causes of high blood pressure include any of the kidney diseases mentioned above; genetic factors such as the so-called "essential hypertension," which is the most common form of high blood pressure in adults; and obesity, which has become a major factor.

Kidney stones. The result of the build-up of crystallized salts and minerals such as calcium in the urinary tract, kidney stones (also called calculi) also can form after an infection. If kidney stones are large enough to block the kidney or ureter, they can cause severe abdominal pain. But the stones usually pass through the urinary tract on their own. In some cases, they need to be removed surgically, or treated with medication or modifications to the diet. Sometimes the first symptoms are pain and blood in the urine. Kidney stones are more common in adults than they are in kids.

Nephritis. This is any inflammation of the kidney. It can be caused by infection, an autoimmune disease (such as lupus), or an unknown reason. The first symptoms of nephritis usually are high levels of protein and blood in the urine.

Urinary tract infections (UTI). UTIs are typically caused by bacteria, such as E. coli. Most UTIs occur in the lower urinary tract, in the bladder and urethra, and they can cause pain during urination and a fever. Treatment with antibiotics should be started as soon as possible so the infection doesn't spread to the kidneys, where it can cause irreversible damage. In babies, UTIs tend to be more common in boys than girls, perhaps because boys are more affected by congenital kidney problems that predispose them to infection. Later in life, girls are more likely to get UTIs because of their shorter urethras. Bad habits can contribute to UTIs - kids holding it when they need to go to the bathroom, or wiping themselves in the wrong direction after using the toilet (they should wipe from front to back so bacteria from the stool do not get into the urethra). Among teens, girls are more likely to develop UTIs than boys, mostly due to the shorter urethra or sexual activity with a full bladder.

Answer 2

1

Answer 3

2

Answer 4

4

Answer 5

3

Answer 6

Heal Kidney Disease Forever :
http://www.NaturallyGo.com

Answer 7

it could be a number of things. but they would have to do testing to find out. being left in the heat for a long time did it to a person i know. if this is happening to you i am so sorry. i dont know if they will do a transplant, but i cant rule it out i am not a doctor. my heart goes out to you