Which one of the following situations would you expect to create the highest waves in the ocean?

Question

A. A 50-kilometer-per-hour wind blowing for 5 hours across a 100-kilometer-wide area of ocean
B. A 50-kilometer-per-hour wind blowing for 10 hours across a 1000-kilometer-wide area of ocean
C. A 100-kilometer-per-hour wind blowing for 5 hours across a 100-kilometer-wide area of ocean
D. A 100-kilometer-per-hour wind blowing for 10 hours across a 1000-kilometer-wide area of ocean

Answer 1

The hight of the wave formed from off shore windswell depends on several factors. All else being constant (such as ocean bottom topogrophy and ocean depth), the size of a wave generated by regular windswell will be a function of how much energy is imparted onto the wave by the wind. This will change the wave interval, wave speed and crest height.

The amount of energy transfered to the water is a function of :
1) Wind speed
2) The fetch of the wind (distance of water over which the wind has been blowing)
3) The duration over which the wind has been blowing

The higer the wind speed, fetch and duration are the bigger the wave will be.

Hence the correct answer is D - as it is the higher windspeed, over the longer duration and the larger fetch distance.

Pay attention to the fact that the wind blows ACROSS the 1000 km wide area - hence the wind has 1000 km distance to impart the additional energy to the waves. Even if the area was perpendicular to the wind direction it would still be the higher speed wind and the longest duration that would generate bigger waves (as the water essentially gets its energy from the air above it and the air speed is the important variable)

Just a fact of interest - one indicator of wave size (& power) is period (or frequency). The lower the frequency (or longer the interval between waves) the more powerful the waves will be.

Answer 2

C. 100-kph wind blowing for 5 hrs across a 100 km wide area of ocean.
Highest intense wind in narrowest area of water would create the highest waves. The release of energy in smaller space would force the most water upward.

Wider 1,000 km area is larger space for expansion/dissipation of energy. Shorter waves.

Answer 3

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Answer 4

Answer C
Final answer

Answer 5

b

Answer 6

wouldnt they all be the same then =|

Answer 7

C

Answer 8

d.