which famous character used the phrase "odds bodkin" and what does it mean?

Answer 1

hamlet

short for "Gods Bodkin"

it is a curse, but polite, like we would say "Gosh Darnit"

Answer 2

there are several famous characters
the scarlet Pimpernel for one
this is a 16th century euphemism , an expression based on a profanity but used to avoid saying anything actually profane

Odds-bodkins = God's nails ( referring to the nails on the cross)