Yes! Since I am Partly Persian and am INSULTED to hear people call the beautiful country that is Persia (Iran) terrorists! Have they bombed anybody so far??? NO Have they threatened anybody? NO have they joined in with the terrorists in Iraq and Afganistan? NO have they killed innocent people for Oil and $$$ NO! So why all this hate people?! Ya Because of The "Threat" by Iran?! Please Israel have 45 different types of nuclear weapons and you don't see anybody picking on them?! Gordon Brown wants/has spent 25 billion pounds on Nuclear weapons, America has got about a zillion nuclear stuff, as does Korea, Japan and India, also some countries in Western and Eastern Europe.... and you don't see anybody else picking on these countries who pose just as much of a threat as Persia (Iran) does. What have america and the Uk got to be scary of?! they have the biggest amount of anybody anyways?? Just because Iran is in the middle east doesn't mean they are terrorists and evil! Have you been to iran? Have you met the people, and you seen iran? Do you know how crap our team was in the world cup? Do you know anything?? جمهوری اسلامی ايران Iran (Persian: ايران , Īrān, also known in the international community as Persia), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ايران transliteration: Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Īrān), is a country located in Southwest Asia. Iran borders Armenia, Azerbaijan (including its Nakhichevan exclave), and Turkmenistan to the north, Pakistan and Afghanistan to the east, and Turkey and Iraq to the west. In addition, it borders the Persian Gulf, across which lie Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Shi'a Islam is the official state religion.
Throughout history, Iran has been of great geostrategic importance due to its central location in Eurasia. Iran is a member and co-founder of the United Nations, the OIC, and OPEC. Iran is also significant in international politics on account of its large supply of petroleum and other resources. The name Iran is a cognate of Aryan and literally means "Land of the Aryans."
In former ages, the names Ariana and Persis were used to describe the region which is today known as the Iranian plateau. The earliest Iranian reference to the word (airya/arya/aryana etc), however, predates the Iranian prophet Zoroaster (est. anywhere between 1000 to 7000 BC.) and is attested in non-Gathic Avesta; it appears as airya, meaning noble/spiritual/elevated; as airya dainhava (Yt.8.36, 52) meaning the land of the Aryans; and as airyana vaejah, the original land of the Aryans. This term, it seems, was adopted in remote antiquity by Iranians as their national identity [2]; hence other peoples were called Anairya and later Aniranian, meaning un-aryan or non-Aryan, probably a derogatory racial designation.
During the Achaemenid dynasty (550-330 BC), the Persian people called their provincial homeland Pārsa, the Old Persian name for Cyrus the Great's kingdom which belonged to the Persian tribe of the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranians and which can still be found in the term Pars or Fars as part of the heartland of Iran and for example in the map by Eratosthenes and other historical or modern maps.
However, the country as a whole was called Aryanam. The word Ariya, noble/spiritual/elevated, is attested in the Inscriptions of Darius the Great and his son, Xerxes; it is used both as a linguistic and a racial designation as evident as Darius refers to this at the Behistun inscription (DBiv.89), which is written in Aryan language/airyan, also known as Old Persian. Both Darius and Xerxes state in Naqsh-i Rustam (DNa.14), Susa (DSe.13), and Persepolis (XPh.13):
Adam Pārsa, Pārsahyā puça; Ariya, Ariya ciça; meaning: I am Persian, son of a Persian; an Aryan, belonging to the Aryan race.
In Parthian times (248 BC–224 AD) Aryanam was modified to Aryan. In the early Sassanid Period (224–651 AD) it had already evolved to Middle Persian Ērān or Ērān Shahr which finally resulted in New Persian Iran or Iran Shahr.
The Greeks called the country Persis; this passed into Latin and became Persia, the name widely used in Western countries. [3][4][5]
In the twentieth century, a dispute arose over whether Iran or Persia is the correct name for the country. On 21 March 1935, the ruler of the country, Reza Shah Pahlavi, issued a decree asking foreign delegates to use the term Iran in formal correspondence in accordance with the fact that "Persia" was a term used by Western peoples for the country called "Iran" in Persian. After some scholars protested, his successor, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, announced in 1959 that both Persia and Iran were acceptable, and could be used interchangeably. The 1979 Revolution led to the establishment of the present day theocracy that is officially called the Islamic Republic of Iran, but the noun Persia and the adjective Persian are still commonly used.
Iran has been inhabited by humans since pre-historic times and recent discoveries have begun to shed light upon what ancient culture was like in Iran, centuries before the earliest civilizations arose in nearby Mesopotamia.[6] The written history of Persia (Iran) begins around 3200 BCE with the Proto-Elamite civilization, continued with the arrival of the Aryans and the establishing of the Median dynasty, followed in 546 BCE by the Achaemenid Empire. Alexander the Great defeated the Persians in 331 BCE and occupied most of Persia, only to be succeeded by the Parthian and Sassanid dynasties, which followed the Achaemenids, who had established the world's "largest and most powerful empire ever known in human history up until that point".[1]
Following the Islamic conquest of Persia, the country was the heart and mind of the Islamic Golden Age. The Middle Ages saw many critical events in the region. From 1220, Persia was invaded and destroyed by the Mongol invasion, followed later by Timur. Persia's first Shi'a Islamic state was established under the Safavid dynasty in 1501. Persia increasingly became the arena for rival colonial powers such as Imperial Russia and the British Empire. Iran itself however was never colonized making it unique in the region.
With the rise of communism and modernization in the late 19th century, desire for change led to the Persian Constitutional Revolution of 1905–1911. In 1921, Reza Shah Pahlavi staged a coup against the Qajar dynasty. A supporter of modernization, Reza Shah planned to develop industry, build railroads, and establish a national education system, but his autocratic rule created discontent among many Iranians.
During World War II, Britain and the USSR invaded Iran from August 25 to September 17, 1941, to stop an Axis supported coup and secure Iran's oil resources supply. The Allies of World War II forced the shah to abdicate in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, who they hoped would be more supportive of them. In 1953, following the nationalization of Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, the democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh attempted to convince the Shah to leave the country. The Shah refused, and formally dismissed the Prime Minister. Mossadegh also refused to leave, and when it became evident that he was going to fight, the Shah (as foreseen by the British/American "Operation Ajax") fled to Baghdad as a precautionary measure and on from there to Rome.
Massive protests broke out across the nation. Anti- and pro-monarchy protestors violently clashed in the streets, leaving almost 300 dead. The military intervened as the pro-Shah tank regiments stormed the capital and bombarded the prime minister's official residence. Mossadegh surrendered, and was arrested on August 19, 1953. Mossadegh was tried for treason, and sentenced to three years in prison.
The Shah was reinstated and power handed to Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, whose rule became increasingly dictatorial in the following years, particularly the late 1970s. With strong support from the US and UK, the Shah further modernized Iranian industry, but simultaneously crushed opposition from the Shia clergy and from advocates of democracy.
In the 1970s, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini gained much popularity among Iranians. Islamists, communists and liberals staged the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The Shah fled the country, after which Khomeini eventually succeeded in taking power and established an Islamic republic. The new system instated conservative Islamic laws and unprecedented levels of direct clerical rule. Past governments have criticized the West and in particular the US for support of the Shah. Relations were severely strained in 1979, after Iranian students seized US embassy personnel. Subsequently, there were attempts to export the Islamic revolution, and support anti-Western militant groups such as Lebanese Hezbollah. From 1980-1988, Iran and neighbouring Iraq engaged in the destructive Iran-Iraq War.
The struggle between reformists and conservatives continues today through electoral politics, and was a central focus in the Iranian presidential election of 2005, which resulted in the election of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Since then, there has been an increase in tensions between Iran and the US, particularly with regard to Iran's nuclear program. Iran has also been accused of supplying weapons to insurgents in Iraq with the goal of creating an Islamist government there.[7]. Iran claims the right to research nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, which it has signed.[8]. It has been reported that the Bush Administration has not ruled out using nuclear weapons against Iran which, if it were to occur, would be the first hostile nuclear bombing since World War II.[9]. Other members of the UN Security Council, in particular Russia and China, oppose military action. Significantly, Iran was recently elected vice-chair on the UN Disarmament Commission. Recently, Iran announced it is researching the construction of a P2 centrifuge, which can be used to develop nuclear energy.
2006-07-01 02:00:56
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answer #1
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answered by Miss LaStrange 5
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Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a country located in Southwest Asia. Iran borders Armenia, Azerbaijan (including its Nakhichevan exclave), and Turkmenistan to the north, Pakistan and Afghanistan to the east, and Turkey and Iraq to the west. In addition, it borders the Persian Gulf, across which lie Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Shi'a Islam is the official state religion.
Throughout history, Iran has been of great geostrategic importance due to its central location in Eurasia. Iran is a member and co-founder of the United Nations, the OIC, and OPEC. Iran is also significant in international politics on account of its large supply of petroleum and other resources. The name Iran is a cognate of Aryan and literally means "Land of the Aryans."
2006-07-01 08:39:03
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answer #3
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answered by Bog woppit. 7
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