THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
1. THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM REGULATES ACTIVITIES THAT ARE AUTOMATIC, OR INVOLUNTARY.
2. The Nerves of the Autonomic Nervous System CONTROL Functions of the body that are NOT UNDER CONSCIOUS CONTROL.
3. The Autonomic Nervous system seems to be concerned with striking a balance or MAINTAINING HOMEOSTASIS IN THE FUNCTIONING OF MANY ORGANS OF THE BODY.
EXAMPLES: CONTRACTION IN THE HEART, DIGESTION, HEART RATE, BREATHING, SALIVATION, AND BLADDER.
4. THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IS FURTHER SUBDIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS:
A. THE SYMPATHETIC DIVISION
B. THE PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION
5. The TWO parts have OPPOSITE EFFECTS on the ORGANS they control. (See Table 49-1)
6. Most organs controlled by the Autonomic Division are under control of both Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Neurons.
EXAMPLE: Heart Rate is SPEEDED UP by the Sympathetic Nervous System, and it is
SLOWED DOWN by the Parasympathetic Nervous System.
7. The Sympathetic Division generally ACTIVATES ORGANS or SPEEDS UP.
8. The Parasympathetic Division generally RETARDS ORGANS or SLOWS DOWN.
2006-06-18 05:58:39
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answer #1
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answered by unsersmyboy 4
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n the infant, urination/voiding/micturition is purely a local reflex centered in the lower portion of the spinal cord. In infants two years old and under, involuntary voiding occurs whenever the bladder is sufficiently full. This results in stretch receptors in the urinary bladder wall transmitting impulses to a special area in the spinal cord known as the sacral micturition center. The sacral micturition center responds by causing detrusor muscle contraction of the bladder.
Between the ages of 2 and 3 as the child's nerves, muscle and brain mature, a special area in the brain gradually develops. Simultaneously, the development of special nerve pathways to that center allows the child to detect a sensation of bladder fullness.
The next stage in the child's maturity occurs when the area in the lower part of the brain, known as the pontine micturition center, develops enough to coordinate sphincter relaxation during voiding.
During the last stage of development, the young child learns conscious bladder control , and during toilet training, develops the ability to inhibit the bladder center in the lower spine (back). Continence during sleep results from the unconscious inhibition of detrusor muscle contraction by an area in the brain known as the basal ganglia).
The pudendal nerve is responsible for contraction of the pelvic floor musculature and is under voluntary control, thus also playing a role in voiding.
2006-06-18 05:58:52
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answer #2
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answered by sdog 3
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I do not think the bladder is controlled by the brain. I believe it is an voluntary muscle.
2006-06-18 05:59:29
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answer #3
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answered by cosmo5847060 3
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Bladder has its own control and it is not under control of brain
2006-06-18 20:02:42
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answer #4
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answered by Simple gurl 4
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The car driving part.
2006-06-18 11:38:12
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answer #5
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answered by Balthor 5
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Quite frequently, no part is in control.
2006-06-18 06:03:41
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answer #6
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answered by Bill 3
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It's the hypothalamus, it also regulates hunger, temperature and sweating I believe.
2006-06-18 14:09:44
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answer #7
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answered by cactuar2k 3
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it is located on the right side, just not sure what it is called.
2006-06-18 05:57:43
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answer #8
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answered by captures_sunsets 7
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Dang... now i gotta pee just cause i read your question.!
2006-06-21 10:21:05
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answer #9
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answered by answers999 6
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