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2006-06-09 23:28:01 · 22 answers · asked by M K 2 in Science & Mathematics Mathematics

22 answers

The ancient India astronomer Brahmagupta is credited with having put forth the concept of zero for the first time: Brahmagupta is said to have been born the year 598 A.D. at Bhillamala (today's Bhinmal ) in Gujarat, Western India.

It is possible that like the technique of algebra; the concept of zero also reached the west through the Arabs. In ancient India the terms used to describe zero included Pujyam, Shunyam, Bindu the concept of a void or blank was termed as Shukla and Shubra. The Arabs refer to the zero as Siphra or Sifr from which we have the English terms Cipher or Cypher. In English the term Cipher connotes zero or any Arabic numeral. Thus it is evident that the term Cipher is derived from the Arabic Sifr which in turn is quite close to the Sanskrit term Shubra.

2006-06-09 23:31:57 · answer #1 · answered by Rakesh A 4 · 3 0

perhaps u didn't realize that the zero had to be invented! actually one of man's greatest inventions, it was a concept that has had a tremendous influence on the history of mankind because it made the development of higher mathematicians possible.
up until about the sixteenth centuary, the number system used in Europe was the Roman system, invented about two thousand years ago. the Roman system was not a simple one. it is built on a base of 10. thus the mark "X" means 10. the letter "C" means 100. the letter "M" stands for 1000. the mark for 1 is "I", for 5 is "V" , for 50 is "L" , and for 500 is "D".4 is shown by " IV", or 1 less than 5. to indicte 1,648, you write:"MDCXLVIII". in the Roman system, to read the number, sometimes you count, sometimes you subtract, sometimes you add.
long before the birth of Christ, the Hindus in INDIA had invented a far better number system. it was brought to Europe about the yer 900 by Arab traders and is called Hindu-Arabic ssytem.
in the Hindu-Arabic system ,all numbers are written with the nine digits - 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 - and the zero,0. in number written withhis system each figure has a value according to the place in which it is written.
we know the number 10 means 1 ten, because the "1" is written in the 10's place and the zero shows there are no units to be written in the unit place. the number 40 means four 10's and no units, or 40 units. the zero shows that the 4 is written in the 10's place.
the Romans had no zero in their system. to write 205, they wrote "CCV". they had no plan using place values. in the Hindu-Arabic system we write 205 by putting 2 in the 100's place to show 200, 0 in the 10's place to show that there are no 10's, and the 5 in the 1's place to show tht ther are 5 units.
with the invention of the zero, we would still need some way to tell the value of each figure when writing a number. the invention of the zero made it possible to drop the words or marks used to show place value or value, and to use the position of a figure in a number to show its value.

2006-06-10 09:49:13 · answer #2 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

Many cultures 'invented' the zero - the Babylonians, the Greeks, the Mayans.

But the modern Western number system including zero come to Europe from the Arabs, who in turn learnt it from the Indians. In fact, even the Chinese learnt the concept from Indian mathematicians.

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Arab mathematician Al'Khwarizmi in the "Hindu Art of Reckoning" described the Indian place-value system of numerals based on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 0. Thence the concept of 0 moved to Europe

2006-06-10 08:09:01 · answer #3 · answered by Amar 4 · 0 0

Today, interested in your question, I've been gathering information for many hours. Lets have a look at different cultures to decide, at least, who did NOT invent it:

The Arabs learned about zero from a book Brahmasphutasiddhanta, written circa 628 AD by the Indian Brahmagupta, that they obtained from the byzantine Empire in exchange for 1000 captured soldiers (of course they were given other valuable scripta too, one of those, it is said, was the Almagest). That all happened in the reign of Al Ma'mun (786-833 according to Wikipedia), but probably after the foundation of his "House of Wisdom" in 830 [5th source below]. So they're probably not the inventors of 0, as we will understand later.

Note, that Brahmagupta's zero was treated in a slightly different way than ours, since he claimed 0/0=0. Nevertheless his contribution to Algebra was great. Also the Arabs are believed to have brought 0 to China, where it appeared around 800AD [6th source].

However THE MAYA [see the 6th and 7th source] referred to the number 0 (lahun) which they represented by an ovular shell and which had the meaning of 0 about 500AD. I 've not yet found out how old the C O N C E P T is.

Babylonians [according to the 6th one of the sources below] "introduced the character for "space" to indicate a zero" by 400BC .For quite a long time before that, according to the same source, they hadn't been using a concept like that. I am not sure if they can be considered inventors of zero, because of the way they treated this symbol and my sources always refer to it as a "predecessor of 0".

The Sumerian civilization , to which someone before me already referred, like the Babylonians, used a "space digit" as a form of zero [7th source]. It is generally described as a "predecessor of 0". To my knowledge this civilization is even older than the Babylonian one, but both existed in the area of Mesopotamia and used a hexadecimal system, so I don't know if anyone could tell who had the idea first.

Thus, concluding, I would say that the first culture of which we are sure that they used zero in an arithmetical sense quite similar to ours is the Maya culture. The Sumerian-Babylonian "zeros" appear to be much older, but it's difficult to decide how abstractly they were treated. Finally, to the Indians and Arabs belongs the honor of having understood this concept's importance for the great science of Algebra, which they developed to an impressive extent.

2006-06-10 14:11:24 · answer #4 · answered by Nick P 3 · 0 0

the concept of zero can be seen all the way back to the mayans and beyond. the rhynd papyrus and the rosetta stone in the british museam (and other tablets) show that people used various blank spaces or a point to symbolise a 'zero'. but it was bramagupta from india who worked out the logic of decimal addition and worked it in, using the '0' symbol to symbolise an empty hole.

infact, it was the hindu's in india that actually came up with the whole 10 base number system the whole world uses today

2006-06-13 14:33:44 · answer #5 · answered by vish 2 · 0 0

its aryabhatta who invented the number 0 and named it as "shunya"
and gave world meaning of nothingness
he was praised by einstein himself
its just because of this 0 we are able to see the wonders in mathematics well not to mention but indians are real good at this onething along with some biology too.

2006-06-10 06:46:27 · answer #6 · answered by kiss k 2 · 0 0

Although the indian zero was the first zero to reach Europe and "organized mathematics," the mayans also had discovered zero, but lost it for a while . . . how do you lose a number? "Zero, come home for dinner!" "Where are you zero?" "Has anyone seen zero, it ran off again?"

2006-06-10 07:21:20 · answer #7 · answered by Eulercrosser 4 · 0 0

ARYABHATTA from INDia....

Actually , the invention of 0 is considered to be the biggest evere contribution of India to the world of mathematics.....

2006-06-10 06:32:13 · answer #8 · answered by kallol163 2 · 0 0

Aryabhatta

2006-06-10 06:49:31 · answer #9 · answered by minakshi 2 · 0 0

i read this somewhere; the zero was one of the only worhtwhile inventions introduced by the persians

in other words islamic introduction

2006-06-10 06:46:58 · answer #10 · answered by dick f 2 · 0 0

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