How does E. coli reated to science?

Question

I want to know how it is related to science not if it is related to science.


How does E. coli (A bacillus Escherichia coli; a bacillus normally found in the human gastrointestinal tract and existing as numerous strains, some of which are responsible for diarrheal diseases. Other strains have been used experimentally in molecular biology.) related to science

Answer 1

Use of e coli in Biology and biochemistry

E. coli is Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic and non-sporulating. It can live on a wide variety of substrates. E. coli uses mixed-acid fermentation in anaerobic conditions, producing lactate, succinate, ethanol, acetate and carbon dioxide. Since many pathways in mixed-acid fermentation produce hydrogen gas, these pathways require the levels of hydrogen to be low; E. coli can only use these processes when hydrogen-consuming organisms such as methanogens or sulfate-reducing bacteria are present.

Optimal growth of E. coli occurs at 37°C, but some laboratory strains can multiply at temperatures of up to 49°C.Growth can be driven by aerobic or anaerobic respiration, using a large variety of redox pairs, including the oxidation of pyruvic acid, formic acid, hydrogen and amino acids, and the reduction of substrates such as oxygen, nitrate, dimethyl sulfoxide and trimethylamine N-oxide.

Strains that possess flagella can swim and are motile, but other strains lack flagella. The flagella of E. coli have a peritrichous arrangement.

E. coli and related bacteria possess the ability to transfer DNA via bacterial conjugation, transduction or transformation, which allows genetic material to spread horizontally through an existing population. It is believed that this process led to the spread of shiga toxin from Shigella to E. coli O157:H7.
Normal Role

E. coli normally colonizes an infant's gastrointestinal tract within 40 hours of birth, arriving with food or water or with the individuals handling the child. In the bowel, it adheres to the mucus of the large intestine. Wild-type E. coli has no growth factor requirements; it can synthesize all the components of its cell from glucose. It is the primary facultative organism of the human gastrointestinal tract.[13] As long as these bacteria do not acquire genetic elements encoding for virulence factors, they remain benign commensals.
Role in disease

Virulent strains of E. coli can cause gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, and neonatal meningitis. In rarer cases, virulent strains are also responsible for peritonitis, mastitis, septicemia and Gram-negative pneumonia.

Answer 2

Escherichia coli (E. coli for short) is a model bacteria that is easily manipulated. For this reason it is used in many branches of science to quickly replicate genes and compounds as well as study the way different diseases are combated by different compounds.

In my microbiology class we took a fluorescent gene and inserted it into a plasmid (a circular piece of DNA) which was taken up by our E. coli overnight and the next day the colonies that had grown glowed in the dark.

Also at my job this summer I did the same thing but with short pieces of DNA in order to get enough clean copies of my DNA piece so that it would be easier to sequence. I took the colonies that had grown and separated out the plasmids and then the gene I had inserted intially.

Answer 3

Escherichia coli has been known to science since 1885. It is easily grown in laboratory culture, and has been used to learn the molecular make up of gram negative bacterial cell walls of all manner of such bacteria species The bacterium is a major proportion fo the lower large intestinal flora and helps in human digestion.(as well as the majortiy warm blooded animals and also birds.
It was one of the early species to have a bacteriophage virus, (an E. coli killer), isolated from it. Those t-family series oif phages helped molecular biologists elucidate many molecular biological mechanisms and the genetic code. They are specific for their point of entry into the E. coli genome. Much recombinent , (genetic insertion), work was done with those f factor cloning plasmids. Given its ease of handling in the labs, its genome has been quickly & completely elucidated. All its DNA has been mapped and scientists are quickly characterizing the functions of its corresponding proteins. (for it and other gram negative bacteria. (the majority of them).
The very small number of strains of E. coli bacteria, that are pathogenic have been the subject of study and elucidation of their invasive & disease causing mechanisms, such as the h157 o7 invasive protein sequences that can cause the rare cases of subcutaneous tissue necrosis factor, ("flesh eating disease") and other pathogenic biomolecules that allow pathogenic E. coli to invade living hosts. These chemicals and close relatives are sometimes used by other pathogenic bacterial strains, too.
Also, E. coli have been studied to gain an understanding of concensus chemicals that are used by them and very many other unrelated pathogenic bacteria and even some fungi, to begin an attack on a host organism. Try this site for more information,
http://en.mimi.hu/biology/escherichia_coli.html
Happy Holidays!
Doc. Dan.

Answer 4

Are you drunk? You're question suggests you've had more than a few...

But, I'll play along.

E. coli is a microorganism, as you clearly know. Microorganisms are studied in a branch of science known as microbiology. Therefore, E. coli is related to science.

Please don't plan on driving for a while, and....

KEEP STUDYING SCIENCE!!!!

Science, in sober hands, represents a great hope for America and humanity. Let's vote for a pro-science President next time around, unlike George W. Bush - the worst President in modern American history and a monumental failure!

Answer 5

E. coli is commonly used as an experimental microbiology specimen -- in college microbiology labs, for example. It has been used to study metabolic rates, limiting factors, ... It is common, easily cultured, and simple to work with. Not all strains of E. coli cause health problems.

Also, E. coli has long been used as an indicator for water pollution. Its presence tells the tester that the water has been contaminated with runoff containing fecal matter, such as from inadequate sewage treatment, livestock feedlots, etc.

Answer 6

E.coli is a workhorse for regular cloning procedures and making DNA in all research labs.

Answer 7

everything is related to science

Answer 8

umm duh? certain stems of science as in biology relate to the body which relates to diseases and as far as i kno unless it was changed ecoli is a DISEASE.