what is the most bio avilalable form calcium?

Answer 1

ENERGY !!!!!!!!!

Answer 2

Common chalk (Tums, or the cheapest calcium supplements, or oyster shell if you want to waste your money), and fancy varieties of calcium supplement, all generate free Ca2+ in the acid environment of the stomach.

What matters is to also take Vitamin D, which aids its absorption. So go for the cheapest form that includes Vitamin D alongside.

Answer 3

Tricalcium citrate (TCC), commonly referred to as calcium citrate, is a high-quality calcium source for food fortification. Its main characteristics are good solubility at low pH, a neutral taste and flavor profile, high calcium content and excellent bioavailability. Besides the standard powder product, TCC is also supplied as a micronized (ultra-fine) granulation that will dissolve even more quickly in acidic applications.

Any nutrient’s effectiveness depends on its bioavailability, which means how well the human body absorbs and utilizes it. On average, only about 10% to 30% of calcium is absorbed from a mixed diet by healthy adults, according to the National Research Council’s “Recommended Dietary Allowances: 10th edition. A Report of the Subcommittee on the Tenth Edition of the RDA.” Several different factors influence this level, including which type of salt provides the calcium.

Various scientific studies have shown that organic calcium salts outperform inorganic calcium sources, such as calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate, with regard to their relative bioavailability. Accordingly, the United States National Institutes of Health has recommended calcium citrate for supplementation, especially for older individuals where absorbability can be a limiting factor due to reduced gastric-acid production. Recently, researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, conducted a meta-analysis of calcium bioavailability, which evaluated studies on the bioavailability of two of the most common forms of calcium supplements, TCC and calcium carbonate. Over 90% of the studies reviewed showed greater absorption of calcium from TCC than calcium carbonate by an average of 22% to 27%.

Similarly, calcium phosphate also has been shown in scientific studies to display lower bioavailability than TCC. Furthermore, it is not considered to be an appropriate ingredient for calcium fortification due to the undesired characteristics of the phosphate anion. Intake of phosphate is reported to exceed adult RDAs in practically 100% of the population. Therefore, further addition of phosphate to food should be avoided in order to gain a higher calcium-to-phosphorus ratio, which is considered favorable for sufficient calcium absorption.

In comparison with the other common organic salts, TCC showed similar bioavailability in various studies, even though significant solubility differences exist among organic calcium salts in plain water. It is concluded that these differences have no effect on absorbability in acidic environments such as the gastric acid in the human stomach. Studies with healthy male volunteers revealed that, compared to calcium lactogluconate/carbonate and calcium phosphate, oral administration of TCC induced the highest serum calcium and greatest reduction in parathyroid hormone, conditions most favorable for building bone mass or minimizing resorption.

Furthermore, TCC displays specific advantages from the nutritional/ pharmacological point of view. Scientific studies showed that contrary to other calcium salts, TCC does not promote, but rather inhibits, the formation of kidney and urinary duct stones by providing beneficial citrate for renal excretion. Additionally, TCC was reported to exhibit only low effects on the absorption on nutritional minerals whereas alternative calcium sources significantly interfered with iron.

The use of TCC is particularly recommended for acidic applications, such as juices and fruit preparations, but also in various dairy products, such as yogurt and cheese. Due to its outstanding biocompatibility and long history of safe use in critical dietetic products and over-the-counter products, it is also the calcium source of choice for baby food as well as dietary supplements.