biology is kicking my but?

Question

which typr of accidental change in DNA code would have the more serious consequences: a substitution of one DNa base for another, or the addition of an extra base soemwhere in the sequence explane

Answer 1

Base insertion or deletion is much more detramental as you get what is called a 'frame shift mutation' and each codon changes from the point of mutation. However with base substitution, only one codon is changed, which may not affect the resulting amino acid, as the DNA code is........ i forgot what its called? ha ha.

Answer 2

If you substitute one base with another, you might bring about a change in amino acid, and this might be fatal or near fatal as in the case of sickle cell anemia. But there is also a possibility that there may not be any change in the amino acid as genetic code is redundant, which means that there are more than one code for an amino acid.
But in case of insertion( addition of a base there will a change in the sequence downstream of that point resulting in the alteration of code responsible for all the amino acids from that point and this might have disastrous(serious) consequences.