What happens in Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?

Answer 1

Prophase: Nuclear membrane disappears.
Nucleolus disappears.
chromosomes coil
assembly of spindle apparatus completed.

Metaphase: chromosome line up on equatorial plate of cell.

Anaphase: fibers of spindle apparatus pull each pair of sister chromatids apart. One goes to one polr of the cell, the other goes to the other pole.

Telophase: nuclear membrane re-forms.
Nucleolus re-forms.
Chromsomes uncoil.
Spindle apparatus disassembled.

Answer 2

What Happens During Anaphase

Answer 3

What Happens During Prophase

Answer 4

Prophase: Nucleolus and nuclear envelope disappear, chromatin condenses into chromosomes, spindle forms.
Metaphase: Spindle pulls and pushes the centromeres until the chromosomes are lined up across the equator of the spindle
Anaphase: Spindle fibers pull on the centromeres until they split; spindle pulls sister chromatids to opposite poles of the spindle.
Telophase: Spindle disintegrates, chromosomes unwind to form chromatin, nucleolus and nuclear envelope reappear.

Notice that prophase and telophase are opposites. Prophase gets everything ready for the DNA to be divided evenly; telophase puts everything back the way it was at the beginning.

Answer 5

In prophase :
• Chromosomes become coiled

• The nucleolus disappears during prophase.

• In the cytoplasm, the mitotic spindle, consisting of microtubules and other proteins, forms between the two pairs of centrioles as they migrate to opposite poles of the cell.

• The nuclear envelope disappears at the end of prophase. This signals the beginning of the substage called prometaphase.

In metaphase:

• The centrosomes are at opposite poles of the cell.

• The chromosomes, now at their most highly coiled and condensed, become arranged on a plane equidistant from the two poles called the metaphase plate.

• For each chromosome, the kinetochores of the sister chromatids face the opposite poles, and each is attached to a kinetochore microtubule coming from that pole.

In Anaphase:

• Anaphase begins when the duplicated centromeres of each pair of sister chromatids separate, and the now-daughter chromosomes begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell due to the action of the spindle.

• Depending where the centromere is located along the chromosome, a characteristic shape appears during chromosome movement. The two shown above give V and J shapes.

• At the end of anaphase, a complete set of chromosomes has assembled at each pole of the cell.

In Telophase:

• The chromosomes assemble in sets at the two poles.

• The chromosomes begin to uncoil and eventually assume the extended state characteristic of interphase.

• A nuclear envelope reforms around each chromosome set, the spindle disappears, and the nucleolus reforms. Nuclear division by mitosis is complete at this point.

• Cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, usually is in progress before nuclear division is complete. In animal cells, cytokinesis involves the formation of a cleavage furrow resulting in the pinching of the cell into two.

• In some specialized cases, such as in the development of the Drosophila embryo, nuclear division occurs without being followed by cytokinesis.

Answer 6

the mitotic spindle forms