ionization and electronegativity?

Question

I get most of the concepts but how come for electronegativity going up then down decreses the Electronegativity and going left to right increases it?

Answer 1

In the periodic table, the items on the left tend to have the most "open" orbitals which means the least occupied outer cloud of electrons. That is, the outermost layer, which is the one that The ones to the right tend to have the fullest (least open) orbitals. Which means that they have more electrons in their outer cloud. Electrons being negative makes the "almost empty" cloud the least electronegative and the "almost full" cloud the most electronegative.

As to decreasing electronegativity when going down the periodic scale, the multiple inner electron layers of completed orbitals tend to stabilize the atom in question. In a sense, electronegativity is the desire to complete an orbital. It only takes one electron for the halogens (far right of the periodic table) to do that.

At the far left, the elements have one isolated electron that, if they could share it, would be a completed orbital. But by losing that electron, the ion drops to a stable electron configuration. It is more ready to give up the electron, which makes it more electropositive.

Answer 2

up and down work in gravity