What causes gravitational force in the universe?

Question

Gravitational forces act between any two bodies in the universe as Newton stated but what really causes this force ?

Answer 1

Well, you are getting to where physics turns into metaphysics.
Do we know what causes any force, or can we merely predict accurately the force that will be measured ?
Quantum electrodynamics can give predictions accurate to one part in 10^15, but I don't think I'd say we understand it.

The works of Karl Popper might interest you.

Since there is as yet no successful general formulation of quantum gravity, I'd have to say we do not really know yet.

Relativity says it is because mass warps space.

Answer 2

Hmmm. Deep question. So far as I know the force of gravity
is something that is observed, but nobody can say what the
cause is. In other words, it is observed that by postulating
a force of gravity, we can explain the attraction of different
objects to one another and can compute orbits of the planets,
satellites, etc.

Gravitational force is proportional to the masses of the two objects that are attracting each other, so that an object with twice the mass will attract with twice the force. The gravitational force also falls off as the square of the distance, so that an object that is twice as far away will attract with four
times less force. These are postulations that Isaac Newton
made which allowed him to accurately predict the movements
of the planets and other physical phenomena, but is not
an explanation for the cause of gravity.

Answer 3

What Causes Gravitational Pull

Answer 4

Guess what: Newton was wrong. There is no gravitational force, there is only curvature of space-time. Not the same thing. Not by a long shot.

What causes the curvature is the mass density. What causes mass? We don't know, yet. But it might very well be a topological defect in the vacuum itself. That's very similar to dropping a stitch in knitting. The result is a slightly curved fabric. That is how the curved heels of socks are made. It could very well be that nature makes black holes that way. And protons. And everything else.

The dropped stitches would explain a lot of observations quite well. Except that we don't know how to describe them mathematically, yet.

:-)

Answer 5

A very gud qn. In fact even newton did not understand where did gravity come from!!!. According to Einstien's General theory of relativity gravity arrises from the wrap in sapce-time fabric.

To explain consider space-time fabric to be like a stretched rubber of the trampoline. Now if you put a heavy object like a bowling ball in the middle the fabric of the trampoline curves.
Now set a billiard ball at the edge of the trampoline. It is attracted towards the bowling ball. The heavier the mass the more the curvature and more the attraction.

So bottom line is gravity arrises dur to the curving of the space-time fabric.

While the above theory has been proved, string theorists say that according to string theory gravity force (like electro-magnetic force) arises from the exchange of the particle Graviton. But this happens in higher dimensions. So we feel only some small effect of gravity in our dimension. This explains why gravity is such a weak force compared to other forces.
However no particle such as Graviton has been discovered until the writing of this answer ;).

Hope this answers your qn.
njoy physics.

Answer 6

We don't know. The theoretical messenger particle is the "graviton". String theory predicts such a particle. All we know is that mass has gravity and its effects propagate at the speed of light. Einsteinian theory revised Newton's ideas on what gravity is. Newton thought its effects would be instantaneous. Einstein showed that if the sun exploded right now, we'd feel the gravitation effect in about 8 minutes, the exact same time we'd see it blow up. Of the four known forces in the universe, gravity is the weakest force by far, which is why the force carrying particle is so difficult (if not impossible) to detect.

Answer 7

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The general theory of relativity tells us that gravity is due to the distortion of space time produced by mass. For example the earth orbits the sun because it is following the shortest path in space time, which has been distorted by the mass of the sun. Mass, and hence gravity did not come into existence until the universe was cool enough to allow it to form. Gravity did not create the universe. It is responsible, as you said, for the formation of galaxies etc. It was thought that gravity would cause the universe ultimately to collapse in on itself, but now it is known that that will not happen due to the repulsive effect of dark energy.

Answer 8

Frankly that is still one of THE BIG QUESTIONS in theoretical physics. Theoretically its an attractive quality of matter moderated (carried) by the gravitron. When a gravitron travels from mass a to mass b, they are said to have gravitational attraction. Not that anyone has seen a hint of one yet. Quantum mechanics and the brane view of the multiverse posits that gravity as we see it, is the shadow of a stronger force acting within a brane superior to our own. (our brane is a sub-brane of another "dimensional universe").

I would recommend reading more on this in Scientific American, their contributors have done a fine job of presenting the current theory and work to a lay audience.

Answer 9

The force that attracts electrons to the nucleus that holds elements together that binds all the matter on earth into one big symmetrical ball....also.... exerts that binding force outward to hold the moon in orbit and attract all close solar trash that comes too close. In short, it's an offshoot of the nuclear force. Seemingly, without exception, the greater the mass of an object, the greater its gravitational effect.

Answer 10

What Causes Gravity