Most things are desired for the sake of something else (e.g., we desire money because we want to buy other things), but Aristotle argued that there must be something desired only for its own sake. This he identified as happiness, well-being or flourishing (Greek εὐδαιμονία eudaimonia literally "having a good guardian spirit"). When asked "Why do you desire this?" and then "Well, why do you desire that?" in response to each answer, many people will eventually stop at "in order to be happy." Eudaimonia is not a means to an end, but an end in itself—in fact, Aristotle argued that it was commonly recognized as the ultimate goal of life (Book I, Ch. 4). Happiness thus understood is not a mood or temporary state, but a state achieved through a lifetime of virtuous action, accompanied by some measure of good fortune.
Indeed, living according to virtues is often not enough to guarantee a happy life. Another prerequisite (in addition to virtuous behavior) is good fortune which brings one the goods (instruments) necessary, but not sufficient, for a happy life. Another prerequisite for a happy life is health, which is also desired for its own sake. For Aristotle, even the most virtuous of men can be denied happiness through the whims of fortune. As a consequence, one cannot be sure of achieving happiness until one's life is fully played out (Book I, Ch. 9).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicomachean_Ethics
http://www.search.com/search?q=Aristotle%27s+Eudaimonia
2007-12-02 18:47:36
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answer #1
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answered by d_r_siva 7
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