could you give some cause and effects of the growth of the Greek Empire under the leader ship of Alexander the

Question

could you give some cause and effects of the growth of the Greek Empire under the leader ship of Alexander the Great?

For example...

Cause- Alexander the Great did _______
Effect - _________ happened because of the cause

Answer 1

Alexander:

**Assumed the throne at age 20 when his father Philip of Macedon was murdered

**Marched for 11 years over 20,000 miles and never lost a battle

**United an area of over 22 million square miles.

**Setup a common system of currency for entire realm.

**Made Greek the prevailing language of the Near East for government, learning and commerce

**Established many new colonies and cities, 70 of them named Alexandria in his honor.

**He planned to merge the Macedonian and the Persians into one ruling group in order to run his empire more efficiently.

1. Used Greeks, Macedonian, and Persians in his administration in an attempt to unite East and West.

Trained and used Persians in his army.

3. Adopted some Persian dress and customs, married Bactrian and Persian princesses, and required thousands of his Macedonian and Greeks to wed Persian women.

**Proclaimed himself god-king in Egypt and in Greece to unify his empire.

**Brought scientists on expeditions who gathered data about biology and geography..

**Spread Greek culture from the polis to the whole known world.

**Had Near Eastern families sending children to Athens to be educated.

**Set the stage for the eventual rise of Rome by unifying areas to the east.

**Allowed Greek culture to continue for 1000 years.

Events:

**Greece was undergoing population pressures with rising standard of living.

**Greek culture had already been expanding.

**Many Greeks had already gone over into the Persian empire to serve as soldiers, traders and doctors.

**Philip of Macedon, Alexander's father, created the phalanx and started building an empire.

**Alexander died at the age of 33 after a heavy drinking bout and swimming in a river from which he caught a fever. Little had been done to organize his empire; no permanent institutions were created to govern it -- it would go to the strongest -- divided by his three generals who fought until weakened the areas were absorbed into the Roman Empire.

Alexander and Ancient Warfare: A study of the Phalanx.
Back to Alexander

The Greek and Macedonian soldiers of Alexander wore helmets, breast-plates, steel-ribbed skirts, and greaves to protect their lower legs. Each man had a solid, round shield, bossed with metal, and they huddled together in echelon so that their shields overlapped. There was little to be seen of a man from in front except armor. The whole array bore down on an enemy line as the cold, gray edge of a slab of steel; massive, ponderous, dreadful. The men of each division were arranged in sixteen ranks, carefully spaced, each man placed so that he might cover the gaps between his fellow, his helmet, breastplate and shield a portion of the communal armor plate. And each man held a spear sixteen or twenty fee long, a weapon for a remote killing with a brutal iron point.

The Greek soldiers were drilled to turn in any direction and to reach out between as many as five files of their comrades to plunge that iron point into the bellies of approaching enemies. Their sixteen ranks of spears and armor formed the celebrated Macedonia Phalanx, the invention of Alexander's father, Philip, and the most impersonal agent for killing brave adversaries which the ancient world had discovered.

So Darius kept his front clear and sent in his fleet of chariots. They swept down with a rumbling roar, a hundred flying plumes of dust; a hundred pointed rams jutting forward from the shafts between the horses. But running in front of the phalanx were lightly armed Greeks who dodged before the chariots, threw javelins, and shot arrows into them as they went by. For many Persian drivers the combination of torment by missile and the sight of that squat gray slab ahead was too much, and they turned before they closed. A few, lucky and resolute, rattle right to the very line of spear. But the spears rose, and the files stepped aside, precisely, as they had done to the calls of their sergeants in practice. Clear lanes were left through the phalanx down which the horses plunged to draw the chariots on: through, and past the Greeks waiting in the rear to stab the drivers in the back. The chariots were spent. And there was still no way for the sea of war to burst inside the ranks of the Greeks.

Only butchery was to come. The phalanx stamped down into the Persian line, the spears stabbing, impaling, killing from comparative safety, almost as men have killed from the safety of machines in later times. Darius' heart failed him as the butchering slab of steel trampled ever closer down the line and he turned his chariot and fled...

Answer 2

There was no Greek empire. Alexander lived only 10 years after setting out to conquer the known world in 333 BC. By 323 BC, he was dead in a camp on the border of India. His general Ptolemy, whom he left in charge of conquered Egypt, took over as king/pharoah. Seleucus, his general whom he left in charge of the middle east, became king there. Antipater, his prime minister, took over the kingdom of Macedonia. What really happened was the spread by colonies established by Alexander of Hellenistic civilization. This was a humanistic civilization characterized by learning of Greek history and philosophy, and characterized by a certain sense of Greek identity. Try "Hellenistic" in wikipedia.

Answer 3

His conquests ushered in centuries of Greek settlement and cultural influence over distant areas, a period known as the Hellenistic Age, a combination of Greek and Middle Eastern culture.

Answer 4

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Answer 5

I hope this article will be of some help to you. *

If this isn't enough The History Channel also has a website just go to...**