What were the most important inventions of the 19th century? And why?

Question

Please...need the anwers as soon as possible!!

thank you...

Answer 1

As one answer's long list has shown, the 19th century was FULL of new inventions that have changed our lives. But it might be helpful to see how these relate -- to group them by key fields, and also to see which ones were key/foundational to others.

THE most distinctive mark of 19th century inventions/technological advance, is the "ELECTRONIC Revolution", because before 1800 people were not able to usefully harness electrical power (with the exception, in a sense of Franklin's lightning rod, which to some degree controlled electricity, though not in a way that made it usable)


The first great break-throughs that enabled many of the centuries developments were
1) VOLTA's invention of the battery (1800...technically part of the previous century, but close enough, and its effects were all felt in the 19th century), which could finally store electricity for use for a long period of time (unlike the earlier Leyden jar).
2) various inventions that harnessed electromagnetism, including the work of Michael Faraday.....

OUT of these flow:
1) new COMMUNICATIONS (and eventually technology -- beginning with the telegraph, and then to the telephone

2) LIGHTING - first gas lighting, then eventual usable ligthing for the household (electric lightbulb), which of course transformed whole communities, the way of city life, etc.

Advances in ability to use electricity are closely tied in with advances in CHEMISTRY, from which many other new technologies flow, e.g., photography.

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It may be appropriate to place MEDICAL advances on a par with the Electronic Revolution, or not far below. Some huge advances were happening in this area as well, which eventually made for huge changes in both surgery and the fighting of disease (whose fruit was esp seen in the 20th century). Foremost among these may be ANTISEPTIC practices (read up on Semmelweis and Lavoisier), which made many of the other advances fruitful (without it, for instance, surgery would be impossible)

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There were, of course, other important inventions which built on earlier technologies, such as devices that continued to expand the 18th century Industrial Revolution --

beginning with the expansion of the use of STEAM power (steam engine)... one of whose most important 19th century applications was to improve TRANSPORTATION... from the steam-BOATS to the steam LOCOMOTIVE (and hence the beginnings of the railroad)

**This may be compared with the Communications Revolution -- both made the world "much smaller", allowing much quicker transferral of people and things on the one hand, and information on the other

More broadly, the earlier 'steam ENGINE' is the foundation for a variety of types of engines and motors that will power industry, the generation of electricity (power and lighting) and TRANSPORTATION vehicles (including the automobile)


I'm not entirely sure where to put "Jacquard's Loom" (1800) --but it seems to have been a key step in the development of whole systems of information PROCESSING, that is, in laying the foundation for the computer (internet, etc) [a recent book called *Jacquard's Web* builds on that thesis]. This all includes the development of devices like the cash register, which simplify some of the basic pieces of doing business

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You could then move to other fields and list the "top" new advancements in each,

Consider:

AGRICULTURE & ANIMAL HUSBANDRY - esp. mechanization (reaper, etc), but also such things as barbed wire fence which controlled herd animals an reshaped land ownership...

WARFARE (more accurate weaponry -more powerful over greater distances)... as the introduction of gunpowder and firearms had transformed warfare and as a result the whole POWER structure of nations in the 15th century (see Max Boot *War Made New* which covers the period from 1500 to the present)

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY - stronger and taller structures and a safe elevator, allowing the beginning of the modern skyscraper (another piece of transforming the urban landscape)

Answer 2

Inventions Of The 19th Century

Answer 3

19 Century Inventions

Answer 4

Adhesives Tape and cellophane tape - 1903 Richard drew
Air bags - 1950's
Ball point pens - 1938 ladislo Biro
Fly swatter - 1905, Dr. Samuel J. Crumbine
Airplane - 1903 by Orville and Wilbur wright
Aluminum foil - 1910
Jacuzzi - 1968 Roy jacuzzi
Band-aid - 1920 Earle Dickson
Answering machine - 1935 willy Muller
Novocain - 1905 Alfred einkorn
Parking meter - 1932 Carl magee
Cotton swabs - 1923 Leo Gerstenzang
Lip stick - 1949 hazel bishop
Silicone ear plug - 1962 ray and Cecilia benner
Bubble gum - 1906 frank fleer
Artificial hearts - date back to 1950's ,Dr. Paul Winchell
Lie detector/polygraph test- 1921 john Larson
Bar codes - 1952
Electric blanket - 1936
Pacemaker - 1950 john hopps
Liquid soap -1980

Answer 5

1800 battery
1804 gas lighting
steam powered locomotive
1814 photograph
1819 stethoscope
1829 typewriter
1830 sewing machine
1838morse code
1835 propeller
1836 revolver
1856 pasteurization

http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa111100b.htm

Answer 6

Factories--they changed us into an industrial society.

Dynamite--It changed warfare, engineering and gave us the Nobel Award

AC motor--It helped make a lot of inventions and machines possible.

Barbed Wire--it made big farms possible.

Answer 7

First of all understand that 'important' is only an opinion. You need to decide that for yourself.

and..
1800 Frenchmen, J.M. Jacquard invents the Jacquard Loom.
Count Alessandro Volta invents the battery

1804 Freidrich Winzer (Winsor) was the first person to patent gas lighting.
Richard Trevithick, an English mining engineer, developed the first steam-powered locomotive. Unfortunately, the machine was too heavy and broke the very rails it was traveling on.

1809 Humphry Davy invents the first electric light - the first arc lamp.

1810 German, Frederick Koenig invents an improved printing press.
Peter Durand invents the tin can.

1814 George Stephenson designs the first steam locomotive.
The first plastic surgery is performed in England.
German, Joseph von Fraunhofer invents the spectrocope for the chemical analysis of glowing objects.
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was the first person to take a photograph. He took the picture by setting up a machine called the camera obscura in the window of his home in France. It took eight hours for the camera to take the picture.

1815 Humphry Davy invents the miner's lamp.

1819 Samuel Fahnestock patents a "soda fountain".
René Laënnec invents the stethoscope.

1823 Mackintosh (raincoat) invented by Charles Mackintosh of Scotland.

1824 Professor Michael Faraday invents the first toy balloon.
Englishmen, Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement, the modern building material.

1825 William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet.

1827 John Walker invents the modern matches.
Charles Wheatstone invents the microphone.

1829 American, W.A. Burt invents a typewriter.
Frenchmen, Louis Braille invents braille printing.
William Austin Burt patents a typographer, a predecessor to the typewriter.

1830 Frenchmen, B. Thimonnier invents a sewing machine.

1831 American, Cyrus H. McCormick invents the first commercially successful reaper.
Michael Faraday invents a electric dynamo.

1832 Englishmen, Louis Braille invents the stereoscope.

1834 Henry Blair patents a corn planter, he is the second black person to receive a U.S. patent.
Jacob Perkins invents an early refrigerator (really an ether ice machine).

1835 Englishmen, Henry F. Talbot invents Calotype photography.
Solymon Merrick patents the wrench.
Englishmen, Francis Pettit Smith invents the propeller.
Charles Babbage invents a mechanical calculator.

1836 Francis Pettit Smith and John Ericcson co-invent the propellor.
Samuel Colt invented the first revolver.

1837 Samuel Morse invents the telegraph.
English schoolmaster, Rowland Hill invents the postage stamp.

1838 Samual Morse invents Morse Code.

I839 American, Thaddeus Fairbanks invents platform scales.
American, Charles Goodyear invents rubber vulcanization.
Frenchmen, Louis Daguerre and J.N. Niepce co-invent Daguerreotype photography.
Kirkpatrick Macmillan invents a bicycle.
Welshmen, Sir William Robert Grove conceives of the first hydrogen fuel cell.

1840 Englishmen, John Herschel invents the blueprint.

1841 Samuel Slocum patents the stapler.

1842 Joseph Dart builds the first grain elevator.

1843 Alexander Bain of Scotland, invents the facsimile.

1844 Englishmen, John Mercer invents mercerized cotton.

1845 American, Elias Howe invents a sewing machine.
Robert William Thomson patents the first vulcanised rubber pneumatic tire.

1846 Dr. William Morton, a Massachusetts dentist, is the first to use anesthesia for tooth extraction.

1847 Hungarian, Ignaz Semmelweis invents antisceptics.

1848 Waldo Hanchett patents the dental chair.

1849 Walter Hunt invents the safety pin.

1850 Joel Houghton was granted the first dishwasher patent in 1850. The machine was made of wood and required you to hand-turn a wheel that caused water to splash on the dishes. Houghton's machine barely worked. The first practical dishwasher was invented by a woman named Josephine Cochran in 1886. Dishwashers, however, did not begin appearing in homes until the 1950s.

1851 Isaac Singer invents a sewing machine.

1852 Jean Bernard Léon Foucault invents a gyroscope.
Henri Giffard builds an airship powered by the first aircraft engine - unsuccessful design.

1853 George Cayley invents a manned glider.

1854 John Tyndall demonstrates the principles of fiber optics.

1855 Isaac Singer patents the sewing machine motor.
Georges Audemars invents rayon.

1856 Louis Pasteur invents pasteurisation.

1857 George Pullman invents the Pullman Sleeping Car for train travel.

1858 Hamilton Smith patents the rotary washing machine.
Jean Lenoir invents an internal combustion engine.

1861 Elisha Otis patents elevator safety brakes, creating a safer elevator.
Pierre Michaux invents a bicycle.
Linus Yale invents the Yale lock or cylinder lock.

1862 Dr. Richard Gatling patents the machine gun.
Alexander Parkes invents the first man-made plastic.

1866 Alfred Nobel invents dynamite.
J. Osterhoudt patents the tin can with a key opener.
Englishmen Robert Whitehead invents a torpedo.

1867 Christopher Scholes invents the first practical and modern typewriter.

1868 George Westinghouse invents air brakes.
Robert Mushet invents tungsten steel.
J P Knight invents traffic lights.

1872 J.S. Risdon patents the metal windmill.
A.M. Ward issues the first mail-order catalog.

1873 Joseph Glidden invents barbed wire.

1874 American, C. Goodyear, Jr. invents the shoe welt stitcher.

1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone.
Nicolaus August Otto invents the first practical four-stroke internal combustion engine.
Melville Bissell patents the carpet sweeper.

1877 Thomas Edison invents the cylinder phonograph or tin foil phonograph.
Eadweard Muybridge invents the first moving pictures.

1878 Sir Joseph Wilson Swan was the first person to invent a practical and longer-lasting electic lightbulb.

1880 The British Perforated Paper Company invents a form of toilet paper.
Englishmen, John Milne invents the modern seismograph.

1881 Alexander Graham Bell invents the first crude metal detector.
David Houston patents the roll film for cameras.
Edward Leveaux patents the automatic player piano.

1884 George Eastman patents paper-strip photographic film.
Frenchmen, H. de Chardonnet invents rayon.
Lewis Edson Waterman invents the first practical fountain pen.
James Ritty invents the first working, mechanical cash register.
Charles Parson patents the steam turbine.

1885 Harim Maxim invents the machine gun.
Karl Benz invents the first practical automobile to be powered by an internal-combustion engine.
Gottlieb Daimler invents the first gas-engined motorcycle.

1886 Josephine Cochrane invents the dishwasher.
Gottlieb Daimler builds the world's first four-wheeled motor vehicle.
John Pemberton invents Coca Cola.

1887 German, Heinrich Hertz invents radar.
Rowell Hodge patents barbed wire.
Emile Berliner invents the gramophone.
F.E. Muller and Adolph Fick invent the first wearable contact lenses.

1888 Marvin Stone patents the spiral winding process to manufacture the first paper drinking straws.
John Boyd Dunlop patents a commercially successful pneumatic tire.
Nikola Tesla invents the AC motor and transformer.

1889 Joshua Pusey invents the matchbook.
Sir James Dewar and Sir Frederick Abel co-invent Cordite - a type of smokeless gunpowder.

1891 Jesse W. Reno invents the escalator.

1892 Rudolf Diesel invents the diesel-fueled internal combustion engine.
Sir James Dewar invents the Dewar flask or vacuum flask.

1893 American, W.L. Judson invents the zipper.
Edward Goodrich Acheson invents carborundum.

1895 Lumiere Brothers invent a portable motion-picture camera, film processing unit and projector called the Cinematographe.
Lumiere Brothers using their Cinematographe are the first to present a projected motion picture to an audience of more that one person.

1896 American, H. O'Sullivan invents the rubber heel.

1898 Edwin Prescott patents the roller coaster.
Rudolf Diesel receives patent #608,845 for an "internal combustion engine" the Diesel engine.

1899 I.R. Johnson patents the bicycle frame.
J.S. Thurman patents the motor-driven vacuum cleaner.

Answer 8

http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa111100a.htm

Answer 9

steam locomotive

Answer 10

atom bomb w/o it we lost millions more lifes in ww ii