how did innovation lead to the industrial revolution?

Answer 1

Cloth production had been a cottage industry with spinning and weaving done by hand. Innovations such as the spinning jenny and then power looms using water or steam power meant that work could proceed much faster producing cloth in industrial amounts. This required new methods of transport such as canals / railroads and the development of overseas markets to sell all the cloth produced.
Similarly, iron and steel mass production became possible through innovation such as those of Henry Bessemer.
Coal mined to feed steam engines required innovations in mining operations. It was a domino effect driven by profits to be made by the sale of so much excess product.
My examples relate to Britain which led the way in the late 1700s and early to mid 1800s.