SCIENCE HELP!!!!please?

Question

i have anwserd 100 questions and i am stuck on these 2 can you helpe me out plz?

40. How can light travel form the Sun to Earth through the vacuum of space?

42. A pencil is placed in a bucket of water. In some views, the pencil in the water will look bent when compared to the pencil above the water. Why is this so?

Answer 1

40. Think first of a sound wave. For sound energy to move from place to place molecules must be present. The sound energy excites these molecules, thus moving itself (..the sound..) from place to place. Now think of a rock. You can throw a rock through a vacuum with no problem because the energy needed to move is supplied by your muscles. A light beam is made up of tiny particles (..rocks..) called 'photons' that also don't need any molecules or anything else to move from place to place. They possess their own energy.

42. The pencil will look bent because the light reflected from it towards your eye is bent (..refracted..) by water molecules.

Answer 2

as a particle or as a wave?
or both?
question needs clarifying

and

refraction?
http://library.thinkquest.org/27066/lightrays/nlrefraction.html
light is a bit slower in water than in air?
optical density
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_density

Answer 3

a pencil is placed in a bucket of water .in some views,the pencil in the water will look bent when compared to the pencil above the water why is this so?