Who invented temperature? (the thermodynamic temperature that is)?

Answer 1

I wonder who could be interested in the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
Amedeo Avogadro comes to mind .
Let me think...(...thinking)
Ok
Apparently it is getting interesting. While several well known minds contributed to the kinetic theory of gasses problem (Daniel Bernoulli, Mikhail Lomonosov, Georges-Louis Le Sage, John Herapath and John James Waterston it is
“In 1859, after reading a paper on the diffusion of molecules by Rudolf Clausius, Scottish mathematical physicist James Clerk Maxwell formulated the Maxwell distribution of molecular velocities, which gave the proportion of molecules having a certain velocity in a specific range. This was the first-ever statistical law in physics.[1] In his 1873 thirteen page article 'Molecules', published in the September issue of Nature, Maxwell states: “we are told that an 'atom' is a material point, invested and surrounded by 'potential forces' and that when 'flying molecules' strike against a solid body in constant succession it causes what is called pressure of air and other gases.”
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Answer 2

Temperature was always there. It is not an invention. The thermometer is an invention of an instrument to measure temperature. Temperature is due to the movement of molecules. The faster they move the "hotter" they are.

Many people worked on thermodynamic. Celcius, Kelvin amongst other.

Your question is not precise. It is impossible to answer precisely, sorry.

Answer 3

I love Edward's answer, above, and how he attacked the question.

But Lord Kelvin invented thermodynamic temperature, i.e., a temperature scale with absolute zero. Some credit should also be given to Guillaume Amontons, Johann Heinrich Lambert and others.

Answer 4

Nobody invented temperature, they discovered it.

Answer 5

God!