covalent bond Explain Electronegativity? What is the difference between a polar covalent bond and a nonpolar?

Question

covalent bond Explain Electronegativity? What is the difference between a polar covalent bond and a nonpolar?

Answer 1

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to gain electron to itself in a molecule

A non polar covalent bond is a molecule that has a covalent bond and doesn't have the differences of electronegativity or the differences is canceled due to the arrangement of the atom inside the molecule. for example Cl-Cl is a non-polar molecule because it does not has any electronegativity differences because it consists of only one molecule. H-Cl is a polar molecule because Cl is more electronegative thus the molecule is more negative in the Cl side. (+)H-Cl(-). It is a polar molecule.

CH4 does have electronegativity differences but the arrangements cancel the effect so it is a non-polar molecule

H
I
H--C--H
I
H

The ectronegativity is canceled due to the balance of arrangement left and right, up and down.

But if the any molecule that has one lone-pair, it is definitely o polar molecule. If two, look at the arrangement.

You must look at the electronegativity chart to know the electronegativity of each atom.

Answer 2

electronegativity is the propensity of an atom to gain more electrons. This trend increases as you move across to the right and to the top of the periodic table (F is most electronegative). Atoms are electronegative because they want to achieve the noble gas state (full octet of 8 electrons). For Flourine (has 7 valence electrons b/c it's in Group VII), it only needs ONE MORE electron to get to 8, so it is very electronegative. A polar covalent bond is between two atoms of different electronegativity (if the difference in the electronegativity values is more than 4 though, the attraction is ionic not covalent anymore). Nonpolar covalent bonds are between the same type of element or two elements of very similar electronegativity. you probably have a table or chart somewhere in your book that tells you the electronegativity values. cheers!

Answer 3

a polar covalent is formed between atoms of different electronegativity.
A covalent bond of nonpolar type is made from atmos of the same electronegativity; i.e from the same atoms.

Answer 4

polar is like a water molecule...
The covalent bond SHARES electrons

so on a water molecule the oxygen end pulls on the electrons (it just does, because of the shape of the molecule it think.The shape of a water molecule is bent), making them slightly go towards the oxygen end.

This makes the oxygen end slightly negative, and the hydrogen end slightly positive.

The basic definition of a molar molecule is where there is an uneven distribution of electrons in a covalently bonded molecule

non polar is where the molecules in a covalent bond are pulling equally on the electrons.