A question about string theory?

Question

String theory says every particle is a vibrating string and the amount of tension in the string results is differentiates the particle. Just for convenience I refer normal energy to a photon. According to string theory, a photon is a vibrating string with some tension. Or tension in the string and the string are both included to make up the photon. If I stretch a rubber band, the band has some potential energy, well you know. So what is the cause of the tension in the string that makes a photon. It is not normal energy since, because normal energy is made up of a string and the tension in it. So what causes the tension in the string.

Answer 1

You asked a great question. String theory doesn't actually tells us what strings are made of, and in some ways "strings" is just a label physicists are giving to this fundamental element that creates everything in the Universe.

However, the reason we call it a string is because this thing has similar properties, like tension, and vibrational frequency. But that where the similarities ends. Strings are not physical. They are made of energy, but not like a photon, since a photon is also a particle and is made of strings. The concept of matter and energy that we are familiar does NOT describe strings. Strings are just that - vibrations in space-time that can be quantified by two characteristics, stiffness or tension, and frequency.

BTW, strings are not based on gravity or supergravity. Supergravity is competing theory with Superstrings, and gravitons (the particle carrier of the gravitational force) are made of closed-looped strings (like a rubber band).

Answer 2

The tension is caused by the minimal energy state available. It's similiar to the reason electrons do not fall into the nucleus. But the word tension is misleading. It's really the degree of freedom afforded to the vibration. IOW, tension suggests its ceiling, the other has a floor.

Answer 3

The strings are also wormholes with a zero transit time between each end of the string. I don't know the exact force that is providing the tension inside of the string itself, it probably has to do with that unknown force gravity.

Gravity was the first force ever recognized, but it took Isaac Newton to figure out the formulas for how it works and even then with all our work and study of quantum mechanics we don't know what creates gravity, how it is transmitted or the speed of transmission. We know that electricity is carried by electrons and we have combined the other three fundamental forces of the universe into electricity; but we don't know about gravity.

One other explanation of the tension inside of the strings could be from the membrane dimension that it is stuck in. The proton has to exist in a brane and it could have formed at a certain tension and so be stuck inside that brane (like a block of glue) holding the tension constant. The tension force could have only come from the big bang.

According to Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_%28physics%29
"For example, one state of the string would be associated with a photon, and another state with a quark. This unifying feature of string theory is among its greatest strengths, however no known solution of string theory exactly reproduces the particle content of the standard model.

Propagating in spacetime, strings sweep out a two-dimensional surface, called a worldsheet, analogous to the one-dimensional worldline traced out by a point particle."

Another words we don't know who to create the string and they are stuck in the two-d surface, worldsheet, or membrane, or brane.

According to Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_I_string_theory
"At low energies, type I string theory is described by the N=1 supergravity (type I supergravity) in ten dimensions coupled to the SO(32) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. The discovery in 1984 by Michael Green and John H. Schwarz that anomalies in type I string theory cancel sparked the first superstring revolution."

So like I said gravity has a role in the creation of the strings that we don't know and can't repeat.

However; string theory IIa and IIb don't agree and in IIa gravity is a trivial force, but not so in IIb.

The problem is that String Theory brings together the various substring theories and M-Theory thus the confusion caused by the unknown variable gravity.

If we figure out how electrons and gravity are related, assuming that Einstein’s Unified Field Theory is correct, then we might solve your problem. If you don’t understand this then don’t feel alone, the best physicists don’t understand it either. I am far from the best physicist, and I don’t make any claim to understand what is going on here either. I just know that the tension in your strings is part of what makes up the fundamental quantum foam of the universe. So we are talking about the very fabric of existence holding your stings in tension. That could be the brane itself or it could be caused by gravity.

Answer 4

11 dimensional string theory, (and 26 dimensional M theory), has not produced anything.

It is possible that the extra 7 dimensions of space in string theory, (that are not perceived), are mathematical deception that first appeared with 5 dimensional Kaluza-Klein Theory.

String theory is possibly deception involving adding dimensions of space to the already existing 3 dimensions of space one dimension at a time at 90 degree angles to the previous dimension.

That string theory is possibly invalid is stated at the end of the wikipedia article on string theory.

Answer 5

You lost my attention at "cause".