I have a test, here is one question; what were the needs that led to innovations in sumer?

Answer 1

Read this excerpt from the site cited below and think about the needs of the people in the cities of ancient Sumer in Mesopotamia.

"These city-states were independent entities that often waged WAR. Central in every CITY was the TEMPLE since every city had its own god. The cities were fortified (had WALLS).
Each had a rural zone where agriculture was performed.
The major CROPS were barley, wheat, dates and vegetables. They also raised cattle, donkeys, sheep and goats.
TEXTILES were made from the wool of their sheep.
The Sumerians were also involved in TRADE with foreign countries."

See where I've capitalized things that required innovation?

CITIES - require innovation in building. The same is true for building large TEMPLES and WALLS.
WAR - requires innovation in forming armies, weapons, tactics, and means of supply.
CROPS and LIVESTOCK - require innovations in farming and animal husbandry. Also food storage and a system of distribution would require necessary innovations fro large populations.
TEXTILES - clothing production - required innovations in spinning, weaving, and production of dyes for the cloth.
Then the cloth had to be tailored into garments.
Foreign TRADE - requires innovations in transport.

Food, clothing, water supply, protection, a system of government, construction - all of these are needs of people living in cities.