What adaptations did animals have to make in order to live on land?

Answer 1

Amniotic eggs & pollen. The problem of reproducing without water was the big transition to truly colonizing the land by both kingdoms.

Tetrapods evolved ~360 million years ago. Animals had a harder transition to make than plants so a huge step was an effective breathing system.
They needed a rigid support like the endoskeleton so they could move without the buoyancy of water. Having moved to colonize shallow, salt water systems began the first of these bony changes.
They had to keep from drying out, so a skin to prevent dessication was needed.
The amniotic egg was what let them leave water behind and move away because the egg had a shell holding a water store for the developing embryo.

495 - 417 million years ago saw the first plants and fungi so they got to the land first, colonizing shorelines.
The first plants developed a waxy cuticle to block water loss and stomata for gas exchange. Structural support was achieves with woody stems that in turn necessitated vascular nutrient & water conduction, rather than passive diffusion, to get food up the rigid stems.
Bryophytes & ferns are still dependent on moist environments for reproduction but the first seed plants developed an alternate delivery system allowing independence from water- assisted reproduction. Pollen, like the egg, retained water for a period so the pollen (male gametophytes ) could travel by wind to the female gametophytes under the scales of a cone. Fertilization produced a diploid seed. The seed is also protected and can survive dry conditions for a period of time before growing.

Answer 2

The bee orchid is a flower that sounds like a bee, so distinctive bees will pollinate it. The Jesus lizard can run on water to stay clean of it fairly is predators. The Archer Fish shoots pellets of water at it fairly is prey to knock them into the water and stun them. The Water Spider makes air wallet and lives it fairly is comprehensive existence underwater.

Answer 3

Having lungs and being able to breath air.