What happens to forces inside an atom when a proton is added? What if a neutron is added?

Question

The questions in details:

What happens to the forces (electromagnetic, nuclear, and repulsive) inside the atom when a proton is added to the nucleaus?

What happens to the forces inside the atom when a neutron is added to the nucleus?

Answer 1

In both cases, the proton is smashed into the nucleus, against the repulsive force; or the neutron "rolls" into the nucleus. In both cases, either the neutron enters the nucleus, creating a new isotope that is unstable relative to beta emission; or the proton enters with so much energy that other nucleon(s) are expelled (or not!).

In any case, there is usually a change in the nuclear energy state owing to the nucleon binding force. This leads to the production of a daughter nucleus, which is born in a nuclear excited state. The daughter nucleus decays to ground by emission of characteristic gamma rays.

Answer 2

Well you can't just add a proton without adding an electron. And adding a proton changes the substance into another element.

Adding a neutron makes it heavier and can even make it radioactive.