separating two compounds with differences in base?

Answer 1

I'm not sure what you are referring to. If the differences in the two organic (?) compounds are different levels of acidity, then you would dissolve the two compounds in a suitable organic solvent. Using a weaker base will deprotonate the more acidic compound, leaving the less acidic compound in the organic layer.

For example, assume you have a mixture of benzoic acid and phenol in methylene chloride. If you treat the solution with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, the benzoic acid becomes sodium benzoate (water soluble) and the phenol remains protonated (organic soluble). Separating the layers will separate the compounds from one another.

If the compounds are not acidic, I doubt that they could be separated only using base, more drastic methods would be required (chromatography, etc......)

Answer 2

Oh sure that is definitely possible.

Say, you have two organic bases with pKa that differ by a factor of 2 (say pKa1 = 6, and pKa2 = 9). You adjust the mixture so that it is at pH 7.

This mean that the 1st base will be fully protonated, and the second will not.

You can then extract the solution with an organic solvent that is not miscible with water and the 2nd acid will be taken up into the organic layer, while the 1st acid will remain in the aqueous layer.

You can the regenerate the 1st acid from the aqueous layer by raising the pH, and you can isolate the 2nd acid from the organic layer, by evaporating the organic solvent.

Answer 3

IF you want to separate them, check the density, volatility, for each one. If is different, distilate them.
If you want to know the procents there are in the solution, do the reaction with an acid, ... and analize them (indirectly (titrate), conductometric, spectrofotometric, optical... ) try this in a lab :)).

Answer 4

Use a characteristic reaction with an acid.

Answer 5

Not sure, but i think it might be impossible.

Answer 6

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