How do water, food, and energy reach the cell?

Answer 1

To be very crisp, by passive transport and by active transport.
See, a cell does not take energy as such. The energy-rich molecules enter the cells and it breaks it slowly to harness the energy. In case of plant cells the energy comes to the cells as photons to be absorbed and finally transferred in various molecules.

Answer 2

technically the cell doesn't need the water just the energy. That's what the food and water would be but nonetheless the ribosomes attached to a endoplasmic reticulum or not attached create protein for the cell to use and the golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages the proteins so the other parts of the cell can use them. and finally the mitochondrion in a cell convert chemical energy in food into compounds that are more useful for the cell itself to use