list the non-trace element in the human body?

Answer 1

Several non-trace elements that come to mind would be hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen...

Answer 2

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and possibly sulfur (important in some proteins).

Sodium, calcium, chlorine and potassium probably wouldn't be considered trace. All four are important in maintaining electrical potentials across membranes (present in all cells, but most pronounced and important in muscle and nerve cells). There is an enormous amount of calcium in the bones.

Phosphorous is important, because it serves as the energy 'currency' of the cell. Phosphate groups are added to ADP to for ATP, the ATP is shuttled to where it needs to be, then transfers its phosphate (along with the energy it contains) to the target.