how does sedimentary rock form?

Answer 1

Sedimentary rocks are formed because of the overburden pressure as particles of sediment are deposited out of air, ice, wind, or water flows carrying the particles in suspension. As sediment deposition builds up, the overburden (or 'lithostatic') pressure squeezes the sediment into layered solids in a process known as lithification ('rock formation') and the original connate fluids are expelled. The term diagenesis is used to describe all the chemical, physical, and biological changes, including cementation, undergone by a sediment after its initial deposition and during and after its lithification, exclusive of surface weathering.

Sedimentary rocks are laid down in layers called beds or strata. Each new layer is laid down horizontally over older ones in a process called superposition.There are usually some gaps in the sequence called unconformities. These represent periods in which no new sediments were being laid down, or when earlier sedimentary layers were raised above sea level and eroded away.

Sedimentary rocks contain important information about the history of Earth. They contain fossils, the preserved remains of ancient plants and animals. The composition of sediments provides us with clues as to the original rock. Differences between successive layers indicate changes to the environment which have occurred over time. Sedimentary rocks can contain fossils because, unlike most igneous and metamorphic rocks, they form at temperatures and pressures that do not destroy fossil remnants.

The sedimentary rock cover of the continents of the Earth's crust is extensive, but the total contribution of sedimentary rocks is estimated to be only five percent of the total. As such, the sedimentary sequences we see represent only a thin veneer over a crust consisting mainly of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Sedimentary rock is one of the three main rock groups (the others being igneous and metamorphic rock). Rock formed from sediments covers 75-80% of the Earth's land area, and includes common types such as chalk, limestone, dolomite, sandstone, conglomerate and shale.[1]

Sedimentary rocks are classfied by the source of their sediments, and are produced by one or more of:

clastic rock formed from fragments broken off from parent rock, by
weathering in situ or
erosion by water, ice or wind, followed by transportation of sediments, often in suspension, to the place of deposition;
biogenic activity; or
precipitation from solution.
The sediments are then compacted and converted to rock by the process of lithification.

Answer 2

How Do Sedimentary Rocks Form

Answer 3

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Sedimentary rocks can be divided into two major informal groups, referred to as clastics (or siliciclastics) and carbonates. Clastic rocks are formed by erosion of other rocks, igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary. These 'clasts' can be mud, silt, sand, cobbles, or boulders, and are transported by wind, water, or gravity and accumulate where they eventually are buried and pressure and temperature subject them to diagenesis, the process that makes them from unconsolidated clasts to one rock mass. Shale, sandstone, and conglomerate are examples of clastics. Carbonates can work much differently since they form primarily in the oceans. Many carbonates are made from reefs and other living organisms that grow in the ocean. As these organisms die and leave behind their carbonate skeletons, rocks are formed. Other carbonates are formed from small grains called ooids, small balls that form by precipitating out of sea water, possibly with the help of bacteria or algae. Some ocean algae even form carbonate 'mud' that eventually becomes hard rock. Another unusual group of sedimentary rocks are called evaporites. These are rocks like gypsum and rock salt that are deposited by evaporation of water in confined basins. The most fascinating part about sedimentary rocks is that they have a past, each one tells a story.

Answer 4

Sedimentary rock is formed by mineral and other materials sitting in water for an extremely long time. While the minerals and other materials are in the water, they will have various things put pressure on them. After being exposed to these conditions for so long, it forms into sedimentary rock. You can find more information here: http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/00461/sediment.htm

Answer 5

a sedimentary rock forms by layers of deposition from erosion or other factors like decay. As more layers are added the first layers are compressed into a rock form.

Answer 6

a

Answer 7

IT IS DEPOSITED BY WATER OR WIND AND FORMED BY PRESSURE OVER VERY LONG PERIODS OF TIME.

Answer 8

weathering and erosion

Answer 9

DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN LAVA AND MAGMA?? <3

Answer 10

here's a wiki site to answer your question.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock