What are the differences about Darwin and Lamark's evidences of evolution?

Question

I need it this sunday. I gotta pass it, so please, someone help me!!

Answer 1

Well first of all, it's Lamarck - but nevertheless. Darwin suggested Natural Selection as the process for Evolution, whereas Lamarck was credited for the inherited acquired characteristics.. totally bunk. Basically that use or non use delineated whether or not the structure would survive in further species - or, as some people put it - that a giraffe stretched it's neck to reach food - and therefore it's offspring acquired this "stretched" neck. It didn't account for genetics like Darwin's did (genetic variability within a population and certain genetic phenotypes being more favorable).
Lamarck also viewed evolution as a process of increasing complexity and "perfection," not driven by chance.

Answer 2

Evidence didn't support Lamarck's hypothesis. He thought if an organism acquired a trait during it's life it would be passed on to the offspring. For instance, if you did a lot of body building, the enhanced muscles would be passed on to your offspring.

Evidence supports Darwin's theory of natural selection based on genetically inherited traits. For instance, if you were a naturally strong person and could fight off lions with your bare hands, you would be more likely to survive and pass that trait on to your offspring. Weaker fellow humans would not be able to survive a lion attack & thus would have fewer offspring.

Answer 3

Conception of species:
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck- Population of individuals all of the
same kind (identical characteristics in all members). Individuals capable of transformation.
Charles Darwin- Population of interbreeding individuals with similar characteristics, though variation is common among all of them at all times. Individuals fixed and unchanging. Population capable of transformation.

Mechanism of new species production:
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck- Internal drive toward greater
complexity modified by the inheritance of acquired
characteristics. Change directed to meet organism needs.
Charles Darwin- Natural selection. Variation exists regardless of organism's needs -not directed toward any purpose.

Example of this type of explanation (how the model accounts for some phenomenon)
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck- The giraffe's neck: “At some point in the past, giraffes must have found themselves in an environment where they had difficulty reaching food present on the tops of trees. In order to eat, they must have had to stretch their necks and in doing so physically elongated them some. This longer neck was passed on to the offspring in the next generation, who in turn stretched their necks even further, thus resulting in the giraffe species having very long necks."
Charles Darwin- Keen eyesight of the hawk: “In a population of hawks, individual variation existed in the power of their vision, just as variation exists in the color of their feathers. In
their competition for food, the individuals with keener eyesight
could more easily spot their prey (small voles and mice) and thus were successful in securing food to eat. The hawks with poor eyesight had difficulty spotting prey and died for lack of food. The hawks with the keen eyesight passed on this trait to their offspring. The hawks that died were not able to produce any offspring. Over a number of generations, the population of hawks all came topossess extremely powerful vision."

Phenomena the model can account for:
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck- • Adaptation
• Fossil record
Charles Darwin- • Adaptation
• Fossil record
• Homologous structures
• Biogeographical diversity
patterns