How do you desribe the glucose molecule both the ringed structure and the chain structure?

Question

Does anyone know how to describe the structure of the glucose molecule and what the shape is about?

Answer 1

The open chain is just that, with an aldehyde group at C-1 and OH groups at all the other carbons

CH=O
CHOH
CHOH
CHOH
CHOH
CH2OH

In the pyranose ring form, the aldehyde group, -CH=O, forms a hemiacetal with the OH on C-5. A hemiacetal is -O-CH-OH with another C attached to the CH.

The shape of the ring form is like a "chair" form of cyclohexane. The OH's are "up" or "down" on the puckered six-membered ring according to their configurations at each carbon.