According to archaelogical records, which civilations were the first to record measurements?

Answer 1

Mesopotamia

Answer 2

Pyramids are built according to Pi.

Circles, radii, diameter.

They measured something.

Actually, not neccessary. Simple measurements, squares would do the same thing, hanging strings and straight lines.

Answer 3

The ancient Greeks standards of measurement changed as the need arose. By 500 BC, Athens had its own central depository of official weights and measures called the THOLOS, where merchants were required to test their measuring devices against the official standards. Some examples are:
LENGTH: DAKTYLOS--referred to a finger segment
1 DAKTULOS (plural--"Daktyloi") = 2 cm
1 POUS (Foot in English)=16 DAKTYLOI
1 PECHUS = 24 DAKTYLOI
1 PLETHRON =100 PODES (plural of Pous) =4 English acres
1 STADION/STADIA = 600 PODES

Dry Measure

1 medimnos (m) = 48 choenices (m.pl. of choenix) =approximately 25kg of grain)
1 choenix (m.) = 4 kotylae (pl. of kotyle)
1 kotyle (f.) = 6 kyathoi (m.;pl. of kyathos)
Liquid Measure

1 metretes (m.) = 12 choes (m.;pl. of chous)
(approximately 34L)
1 chous (m.) = 12 kotylai
1 kotyle (f.) = 6 kyathoi

Currency
The basic unit of Athenian currency was the obol:

OBOL:
After 449 BC, 1 drachma (f.) = 6 obols (m.) pl. of obol)
1 stater (m.) = 2 drachmae (f.;pl. of drachma)
1 mina (f.) = 100 drachmae
1 talent (n.) = 60 minae (f.; pl. of mina)

Weight
Athenian weights were associated with currency since units of currency involved prescribed amounts of a given metal.

1 obol (m.)= approximately 0.7 grams
1 drachma (f.) = 6 obols (m.; pl. of obol)
1 stater (m.) = 2 drachmae (f. ; pl. of drachma)
1 mina (f.) = 100 drachmae (f.ρ;pl. of drachma)
1 talent (n.) = 60 minae (f. ; pl. of mina)(approximately 26kg)


Time
Athenians measured the day by sundials. Periods during night or day could be measured by a water 'clock' that dripped at a steady rate. The year was divided into 12 months, with one month being repeated every second year. Even with this intercalary month, the Athenian or Attic calendar was still fairly inaccurate and days had occasionally to be added by the Archon Basileus. The months were named after Athenian religious festivals (the actual order of the months in the Athenian Calendar, and their corresponding months of our contemporary Gregorian calendar:

Gamelion (7th Dec-Jan)
Anthesterion (8th: Jan-Feb)
Elaphebolion (9th: Feb-March)
Mοunichion (10th: March-April)
Thargelion (11th: April-May)
Skirophorion (12th: May-June)
Hekatombaeon (1st: June-July)
Metageitnion (2nd: July-Aug)
Boedromion (3rd: Aug-Sept)
Pyanepsion (4th: Sept-Oct)
Maimakterion (5th: Oct-Nov)
Poseideon (6th: Nov-Dec)



For information dating back even further, see the excellent article at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_measurements.

Answer 4

Record measurements of WHAT? There are tax records of amounts of grain collected (proving death and taxes are eternal). Land surveys done 5000 years ago. Astronomical observations... clarify your question.

Answer 5

Stonehenge is a measurement tool.

Answer 6

the phoenician

Answer 7

Men were. Who's is bigger?