What type of chemical reaction occurs between a metal and an acid?

Question

What is the general equation for this type of reaction?

Answer 1

A metal, in this sense, refers to something in its elemental form, such as Magnesium or Zinc. An acid is a compound with an ionizable hydrogen, such as HCl or HNO3.

So, we have an element reacting with a compound that can dissociate into its component positive and negative parts. This implies a Single Replacement reaction (and a rather exciting one to observe in lab)

Now we need a general equation: Typically, M is used as the chemical symbol for a generic Metal, since M is not the symbol for any element. An acid is typically represented by HA, since acids contain hydrogens according to the Arrhenius Definition, and the letter A representing the Anion which is formed after the hydrogen is dissociated from it.

so, we have M + HA as reactants. Remember single replacement means the Metal and the hydrogen will trade places, since metals form positive ions which will be attracted to the anion from the acid.

In the end, we are left with: M + HA --> MA + H2 (hydrogen is diatomic) I realize what I have writen is unbalanced nor can be balanced. I write it this way since the metal could have any number of positive charges on it, depending on which metal is specifically in the reaction.

Answer 2

Acid Metal Reaction

Answer 3

Metal And Acid Reaction

Answer 4

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What type of chemical reaction occurs between a metal and an acid?
What is the general equation for this type of reaction?

Answer 5

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Precipitation reactions /////////////////// Know what sorts of chemicals are insoluble. The two most common homework sorts are Barium sulfate and Silver chloride. These form from soluble ions. Barium chloride and Silver nitrate are the usual sources of the ions. The sulfate and chlorides can be anything but Sodium and Potassium salts are used the most because nearly all their salts are soluble. Typical reactions are: BaCl2 + Na2SO4 -> BaSO4 + 2NaCl AgNO3 + KCl -> AgCl + KNO3 With the exception of Sodium and Potassium, most metal hydroxides and carbonates are also insoluble. The exception is Barium hydroxide. This means any base will form a precipitate with a soluble metal salt. Again, the base is usually a Sodium or Potassium salt. 2NaOH + FeCl2 -> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl CuCl2 + K2CO3 -> CuCO3 + 2KCl When working with heavy metals, it helps to remember which particular salt is soluble. Lead acetate is the most soluble salt of Lead. Silver nitrate is the most soluble salt of Silver. nearly all other Silver and lead salts are insoluble. The most soluble salt of any metal is the nitrate. Most sulfides are insoiluble. The only soluble sulfide is Sodium or Potassium sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide is a water soluble gas, but is also a source of sulfide ions. Acid-Base reactions ////////////////////////////// Know how acids and bases are defined. Acids are any substance which produces Hydrogen ions. Most acids are in fact named "acid". There is Hydrochloric, Sulfuric and Phosphoric acids. A base is anything which can produce hydroxyl ions. Soluble hydroxides are all bases. Carbonates are also bases. When acids react with bases, salts and water molecules are formed. A simple acid/base reaction is between Hydrochloric acid and Sodium hydroxide. NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O Oxidation-Reduction reactions ///////////////////// These reactions involve the exchange of electrons between two ions. Ions differ in their ability to donate or accept electrons. If there is a great deal of difference between the ions, an oxidation/reduction reaction will occur. Hydrogen will accept electrons more easily than most metals and is why Hydrogen gas is formed when acids react with solid metals. 2HCl + Zn -> ZnCl2 + H2 There are a pair of half reactions which describe the oxidation and the reduction reaction. In the oxidation reaction the atom looses electrons. Atoms which are reduced accept electrons. The two half reactions for the reaction above would be: 2H(+) + 2e(-) -> H2 (reduction) Zn -> Zn(+2) + 2e(-) (oxidation) The Zinc is giving a pair of electrons to the Hydrogen ions, reducing them to hydrogen gas. ////////////////////////////////// One important thing to note is that all the reactions presented are balanced. This means there are equal numbers of atoms on each side. In such reactions, the charges will also balance.

Answer 6

The general equation for the reaction between a metal and an acid :
Metal(s)+Acid(aq)-->Metal salt(s)+Hydrogen gas(g)
For instance, magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas is released.The equation:
Mg+ 2HCl-->MgCl2+H2
If you are interested in proving the equation, you can actually carry out some test.
Hydrogen gas released is tested by bringing a burning splinter to the mouth of the test tube. A pop sound will be heard due to the combustion of the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
If you wanna test what is the powder formed, you can do some qualitative analysis.
To test the presence of cation(Mg^2+), you can kindly add magnesium chloride to the sodium hydroxide. You will get a white precipitate which is insoluble in excess. Later, ammonia is added to it. A white insoluble precipitate is formed shows that magnesium ions present in the compound.
Anion(Chloride,Cl^-) is tested by adding nitric acid to the aqueous magnesium chloride and followed by silver nitrate. A white precipitate soluble in ammonia is formed. This proves that Cl^- exists in the compound.

Answer 7

a single displacement reaction
metal+acid= metal salt+hydrogen gas

Answer 8

simple displacement reaction

metal+acid= salt +water