what high positions in the newly formed government did the real writers known as "Publius" eventually take?

Answer 1

First, you must know who "Publius" was. It was the pen name for the Federalist paper writers, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. John Jay became our nation's first Chief Justice, while Hamilton took the role as Secretary of the Treasury under President George Washington.

Answer 2

Tara is right, but she leaves out the third author of the "Federalist Papers": James Madison. He was a leader in the first Congress, then Secretary of State (under Jefferson), and President from 1809-1817.