What caused Italy and Germany to not develop as unified nations?

Answer 1

their history...
1. Germany was a mosaic of little kingdoms, free cities and other feudal states; the Roman emperors, in Vienna, had no interest at all in unifiying it because a united Germany would have been a competitor for hegemony in Central Europe. No effort was made to favour unity, on the contrary religious wars between Protestants and Catholics and the Thirty years war, from which the Peace of Westphalia emerged, created a fragmented Germany. Only when 2 factor emerged ( powerful Prussia and weakened Austria) Germany could be unified
2. Italy was the siege of the Pope and the Pope had his own State; furthermore, territorial unity had disappeared since the fall of Rome and all the kingdoms and other States that were formed afterwards- including the Pope's State- had either "foreign" rulers or ambitious local rulers who wanted to keep their power, even if that implied calling "foreign invaders" into Italy. For century Italy was the battlefield of other European powers; the Pope in XIX played a major role in fighting against modernisation and modern national ideals as well as in trying to undermine the newly unified State after 1861.

Answer 2

As first because in Italy we don't have common borders with Germany. We have the Alps and then France,Switzerland and Austria that separate Italy from Germany.
In addition to this we are quite different (language, traditions, history, religion, etc) and really I don't see the reason of yr question.
Why we should have unified with Germany ?? Because we were allied in the WW ?? If you refer to this you must know that this was a personal decision of 2 dictators (Mussolini and Hitler), not wished by everyone here and there.

Answer 3

Because they developed in the Middle Ages as independent states with no strong over monarch or governmental system. In the middle ages, nation states were much less important than they later became. Effectively Europe was 'Christendom', the area recognising and subject to the Pope.

Answer 4

different languages, work etthic, and cultures