Need help with chemistry elements and the number of electrons?

Question

I have homework where I have to find the name of the element, the atomic number, the mass number, the # of protons, nuetrons and electrons.
So I found a site that helped me with the first easy ones. But then my teacher added some more difficult ones that I don't understand. Here they are:
F-
Cl-
Na+
K+
Mg+2
Ca+2

So my questions are, do these elements have the same atomic number, and mass number? Do these elements have the same # of protons and neutrons?

From what I read on this sight, the plus sign means that this is a positively charged ion. It is positively charged because a negatively charged electron was removed from the atom. So I just want to know if I am correct in saying that Fl- has an atomic number of 9, a mass number of 19 and protons = 9 and neutrons = 10 and electrons =10?
For a negative sign am I just adding one onto the electrons and not changing any other numbers? And for the postive sign am I just subtracting one from the # of electrons??

Thanks Reb! I was getting worried over here! :)

What about for the Mg+2? Am I subtracting two from this one to get electrons = 10?

Answer 1

You have solved it perfectly yourself. Congrats and good luck in the course. I think you will do well.

Answer 2

the number of shells (principle quantum number) shows the period number, here 4th period the number of the last shell will show the group number, here 7th group If im not wrong then this is a halogen, and the atomic number suggests its bromine