What is the distinction between a cell membrane and a cell surface membrane?

Question

Basically I need to do this for my Bio homework and can't find it ANYWHERE on the internet. If someone could tell me it would be very useful as it is part of my A level studies!

Answer 1

The cells of animals and plants have a surface membrane and many more membranes inside the cell. Bacteria only have a single cell membrane which covers the cell. Animal and plant cells surround their chromosomes with a nucleur membrane. Fats and digestive enzymes are packed into vacoules which are surrounded by membranes. Proteins are manufactured on a scaffold known as the endoplasmic recticulum. It is a flattened membrane with ribosomes attached to it. Ribosomes are large enzymes which assemble proteins. Mitochondria look like bacteria inside animal and plant cells. They have surface membranes and also membranes inside themselves. The mitochondria break down sugars and provide the cells with chemical energy. Chloroplasts are similar structures found in plant cells. The chloroplasts are where plants use photosynthesis to make sugars. Bacteria have only a surface membrane; all their digestive enzymes, ribosomes and DNA floats freely around inside their cells. Bacteria are known as prokaryotes and animals and plants are known as eukaryotes. Cell membranes are composed of detergent-like substances known as phospholipids, making them very much like soap bubbles. Membranes also contain cholesterol. Cell surface membranes have large enzymes which float around like ships at sea. The enzyme sinks down inside the cell and these surface enzymes are how cells sence their environment and also communicate with one another. Bacterial cells have membranes with sugar molecules attached. The antiobiotic penicillin dissolves the sugar and kills bacteria by destroying the cell membrane. The inside of the bacterial cell then dissolves without a membrane to hold it all together in one place. Penicillin is produced by a fungus, which is also a eucaryote. Fungi cells are often open at both ends. The cells link and form a long, hollow tube with hundreds of nuclei floating around inside. The muscle cells of animals are similar in design.

Answer 2

"Cell membrane" USUALLY means the plasma membrane, or the outer membrane of the cell. Properly, though, cell membrane can refer to any of the membranes on the outside or within the cell. That may be the distinction you're after here...

Answer 3

Prokaryotes are much less complicated than Eukaryotes that have greater organelles, jointly with mitochondria and the golgi equipment. Prokaryotes oftentimes have around DNA and Eukaryotes do not.