how does an electric motor work?

Question

I've found in Wikipedia but it doesn't say anything about the theory of operation of the motor. If anyone has or knows, please tell me in a clear way, which is easy to understand.

Answer 1

inside the cover there are 2 kinds of magnets. one is a permanent magnet and the other is an electro magnet. when you give it eletricity the copper coils make the metal peices (which are in the middle of the coil) magnetic.
because N and N or S and S repel each other, the permenant magnet is always pushing the electromagnet in the middle. and because the permanent magnet is all around it the electro magnet can only rotate in the middle. if you change the + and - it will do the same and turn the other way.

it will help if you look at a simple picture of the cross section of magnet while reading this.

also if you turn shaft in the middle, the process would reverse and electricity would come out. that's how they make electricity.

Answer 2

A motor has rotors which are windings of wire. The rotors are all connected to a common shaft. The current is applied to the rotors to turn them and so turn the shaft. A magnetic field is created that grabs one rotor and moves it, then the magnetic field shuts off and another field grabs it and continues to move it.

Actually, from the motors that I have disassembled and repaired there are two permanent magnets on the side of the motor. Electricity is run into the windings which creates a magnetic field that is repelled by the permanent magnet inside. Then the other winding comes into line and the same thing happens. As each rotor (winding of wire) is charged and repelled by the permanent magnet, inside the motor, the shaft turns. Do it fast enough and the motor runs pretty smoothly.

The rotors connect to the outside world through armatures, which are like metal hands that hold the shaft where the windings of wire connect to the rotors. The windings are kept separated and the armatures jump over a small skip in the shaft so that it will send a single electrical charge to the correct winding at the proper time. The armatures are usually thin wire and are the first thing to wear out on a motor. They are a fixed part that has to touch a rotating part so they receive wear and tear which can break them over time.

The shaft is held in place by little metal balls called bearings or by a metal ring around the shaft. A bearing can freeze; lock in place, and destroy a motor. Small DC motors don’t have bearings only the larger ones need bearings.

If you use a force to turn the shaft of the motor then you turn it into a generator. In Hoover Dam water runs through turbines which contain blades. The water spins the blades, which are connected to the shaft. The turbines then turn the shaft which moves a rotor (wire windings) inside of a magnetic field thus creating electricity. Every motor can be a generator they all have the same design.

A common electrical circuit used with motors creates a stepper motor. This electrical circuit changes the speed of the motor allowing the user to control it. A stepper circuit can also change the voltage or the amperage to put more or less power into the motor. A motor that only needs a little current to run could use a stepper circuit to reduce the electricity to the motor so it won’t get burned out. For example if you try and connect a 6 volt DC motor to 110 or 120 volts through a transformer circuit that changes the power from AC to DC you are going to burn out the motor.

In conclusion:
Motors = Generators when operated in reverse
A rotor, which is a large coil of wire, is spun in a magnetic field by an electric charge that is delivered to the rotor by the armatures that touch the shaft. The rotors are connected to the shaft and the armature skips a little bit so that it won’t short out another rotor. Because of this one rotor, of an opposite polarity of the permanent magnetic, is energized at a time; this action caused the rotors to move which rotates the shaft, which means the motor spins.

Answer 3

How Does A Motor Work

Answer 4

Refer to the diagram... Its a simple theory
when a coil is kept inside in a strong magnetic field and current is passed through it ,it experiences a force in a direction perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the current. This rotates the coil and thus the motor works.

Answer 5

Heres a good diagram.

Answer 6

get a physics book