What observational evidence supports the Big Bang theory of cosmology? Explain.?

Answer 1

The expansion of the universe. The universe is expanding now, so in the past it must have been smaller. If it were smaller in the past, then there probably was a time when it was infinitesimally small. One could ask why don't we think that it might be expanding now but it could have been shrinking before and we just don't know about it. The answer is that there is simply no mechanism that we know about that could accomplish this transition on a universal scale.

The second line of evidence is the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) that was discovered in 1965 by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson from Bell Labs. They were working with a microwave receiver, but were getting noise from every direction they pointed the receiver. It was coming from all over the sky at what seemed to be exactly the same frequency. This was the first evidence for the CMB, and they later shared a Nobel Prize for this discovery.

The CMB is an "echo" left over from when the universe was approximately 300,000 years old, as predicted by the Big Bang model. As something becomes compressed, as matter was when the universe was young, it becomes hot. The actual "heat" comes from particles' movements - the faster they move, the more energetic they are, and so the more heat we see. The universe was so hot before it was 300,000 years old that atoms could not form. Because of this, photons - particles of light - could not move around, for they kept reacting with electrons.

Therefore, during this period, the universe was effectively opaque. Once the universe had reached 300,000 years old, atoms could form, and electrons were now bound to a nucleus. Once this happened, photons could move about freely. This "first light" is the CMB, and its existence is a very strong indication that the Big Bang occurred.

The third major pillar of the Big Bang theory lies in the abundance of the different elements of the universe. The theory predicts that certain amounts of hydrogen, helium, and other elements should be made. Observations have shown almost exactly the amounts that are predicted.

Answer 2

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RE:
What observational evidence supports the Big Bang theory of cosmology? Explain.?

Answer 3

1. Distant galaxies show a red shift in their spectrum. The amount of shift is larger for more distant galaxies.

2. The abundance of light elements (hydrogen, helium, lithium) match those predicted from modeling the hot Big Bang.

3. The cosmic background radiation matches that of a black body to an extremely high precision. No theory without a hot Big Bang gives this.

4. The fluctuations in the background radiation match those predicted from inflationary models.

5. Galaxies that are more distant have different characteristics than those nearby: the farther ones emitted their life closer to the Big Bang and show how galaxies change over time.

Answer 4

A light emitting object moving towards will show a blue shift when the light from the object is analyzed spectroscopically. The light will show a red shift when the object is moving away using the same type of analysis. Every galaxy not in a gravitational relationship with the Milky Way Galaxy is moving away based on the red shift of its light. The farther away the galaxy is, the faster it is moving away. The red shift is more pronounced with regard to faster speed. Read the Hubble Diagram section of the article cited. It explains the concept as well as anything I have come across.

Answer 5

The red shift observed by Hubble indicating all stars and galaxies are moving away from us. This was a predicted event. The background cosmic noise signature at the edge of the universe discovered by Bell Labs in the 1960s with a 3.6 Kelivn tempearture. This was also a predicted event.

Answer 6

the universe is expanding. some huge force sent everything moving. the farther back into history, everything was closer together.

edwin hubble used redshift in spectrum to observe speed and direction of movement of space objects. this proved universe is expanding in all directions.