What is meant by einstein when he said even " Time " is influenced by the black hole ?

Question

The black hole according to Einsteins theory of General relativity that says it to be an enormously powerful gravitational pull caused by a death stars extremely dense mass that warped space in to what it is identified as black hole. And nothing escapes this black holes when passing over it - even time will get slower.

I don't understand how he meant when he said " Time" becoming slower due to a gravitational effect.

Answer 1

The fomula for time in a gravity field is as follows;
T^2 = R/(GMo/R^2)
T=Gravitational time and R is the radius of the Gravitational mass.
G=Newton's gravitational constant
Mo =the gravitational mass.
Therefore gravitational time is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass at that particular location of the gravity field;the clock's time period(tic)will be shorter in a strong gravity field. That means the measurement of time is relative to the gravitational mass.
The greater gravity field intensity .the faster you fall toward the gravitational mass.
On earth the Gravitational time is relative to the mass of theSun, as well as the gravity Power between the Sun and the Earth.
Inertial time behaves differently ; as it is, the Time in inertial motion is the inverse of the frequency of oscillation of a moving mass,and is independent of the gravity field due to the gravitational mass .

Note;When it comes to clocks the shorter the oscilation (tic),the more time it measures.
This is the description of time dilation in simple terms.
I hope you like it.

Answer 2

Good question.

Yes, time is "relatively" affected by the presence of gravity.
To illustrate this, we will do an experiment.

We will take a closed all glass elevator with a rocket thruster and a powerful laser gun and go to a place in deep space free of any heavenly bodies so that there is no gravity. You stand in the elavator while I constantly fire a laser light from the left. The laser light will travel straight line and speed 'c" according to me. You in the elevator will also agree that the light is travelling straight from left to right with a speed 'c". Now you turn on the rocket boosters. The laser gun is moved up so that light enters on your top left as viewed from the elevator. Now, the elevator acclerates uniformly (assume). To me light still moves in a straight line at speed 'c". But for you in the elevator, it bends from top to hit the wall on the other side slightly below. This is not surprising. Any object instead of light will behave like that. It will have a velocity that changes with position. As the object moves in a curve inside the elevator, the speed increases as it enters and hits the other side of the wall. BUT the speed of the light measured will be "c" throughout the path. It is is only tilted vectorially! SO this means that in a unformly acclerated frame, time runs at a different rate depending upon the position ! As the light moves along a curve, its speed has to increase. BUT it doesnt. The reason is time at those points towards the bottom of the elevator is running slowly than top of the elevator. That is why speed of light is the invariant.

NOW, what has this got to do with gravity ?
Einstein asserted that an acclerated frame is equivalent to gravity !!! If that is true, then it IS the space-time that is curved near a massive body !!!.

So in a blackhole, near the event horizon, time is relatively running very slow when observed away from any gravitational field. Any object falling past the event horizon of the black hole as observed by a distance observer will see that it takes infinite time for the object to fall into the black hole. It wont cross the event horizon. Light from the object will never reach the distant observer.! But for the object time is running as usual and the tidal forces will rip the object as it moves into the singularity.

Answer 3

This is called gravitation time dilation. What it means is that imagine that there are two clocks one close to the black hole and one far away from the black hole. If an observer at the far away clock was to look at the one at the black hole it would look to be running slower than the one further away. The opposite would be true for an observer at the black hole, it would appear to him that his clock was running normally while the one farther away was running faster. Who's clock is right? According to Einstein they both are because all inertial reference frames are correct.

This is not just theory. It has been proven by using atomic clocks on circling aircraft. The airplane at altitude is in lower gravity than one on the surface of the earth and it's clock will run faster. So you can see it is just not black holes that this works for, any gravity field has an affect on time, including the small one generated by your own body!
Per general relativity an object accelerating fast enough to simulate the gravity of a black hole would get the same time slow down.

Answer 4

Part of the theory of relativity is the the fact that time flows at different rates as measured by different observers. For example, if you watch an airplane fly past at 500 mph, and you both have "perfect" clocks, the plane's clock will tick just slightly slower than yours (it will lose about 1 second in 100,000 years, if I calculated correctly).

This "time dilation" effect (the slowing-down of time) is caused by speed, and it's also caused by gravity. Because of the fact that we live on earth, in a gravitational field, our clocks tick a tiny bit more slowly than if we were to live in a weightless environment.

The stronger the gravitational field, the greater the "time dilation" effect. In the vicinity of a black hole, the effect is so great that time seems to come to a standstill for objects that cross the threshold into a black hole. That doesn't mean that they fall more slowly--just that if you throw a clock toward a black hole it will "tick" ever more slowly until it reaches the edge (the "event horizon") of the hole.

Answer 5

General relativity deals primarily with how light and space/time are affected by gravity. It's stated that light will be bent from it's normal path by gravity and time will be slowed by gravity.

They've proven both to be true, by predicting how much light will be bent as it passes by the sun, done in 1915-16 and they've used synchronized cesium atomic clocks and put one at the highest floor of a skyscraper and the other in a skyscraper lowest basement floor.

When they compared the difference between the readings of the clocks, they found that the clock in the basement ran slower than the clock in the highest floor. This is due to the effects of gravity on the clock, the lower you are on the earth and closer to it's center of mass the stronger the gravitational force will be.

With black holes time will slow down to an observer of someone going into one due to the effects of gravitational redshifting and due to the effects of time dilation due to special relativity.

Answer 6

Time is an interval between events, for an event to occur movement must take place, movement requires space. In a black hole the matter is so densely packed that that there is no space between particles, no space, no movement, no time.

Answer 7

He meant to influence "Time" quite literally.

"Time" was impressed to such a degree, that they chose abovementioned Albert Einstein as the person of the century.