Can anyone help me with the particle model of matter timeline?

Question

Need to know about the particle model of matter timeline (the yr, the person and what they discovered)

also need to know what particle model of matter is

and

about John Dalton's contribution to the particle model of matter theory.

Answer 1

John Dalton propsed the idea of atoms in their current form - as the smallest indivisible units of an element - this was in 1803..
In 1897, J.J Thompson discovered the electron.
In 1911, Rutherford found that the atom consisted of a central dense nucleus, surrounded by electrons.
Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932.

Incidently, all of the above either studied or worked at Manchester - which is how I came to be researching them yesterday!

After that, many other particles were discovered, including quarks. For a while things got a bit messy, but in the early 70s the Standard Model was proposed, which explained how all the particles related to each other.

There's still one missing - the Higgs Boson, which will hopefully be seen for the first time very soon (pmaybe in 2008!).

Answer 2

First of all dark matter and antimatter are not the same thing. Dark matter is simple a term for matter that doesn't emit light. When objects are close enough to us we are able to see them due to reflected light. This is why we can see the moon, Jupiter, etc. Objects outside of our solar system are too far to be detected this way and are there for invisible to us. The mystery surrounding dark matter concerns the visible rotation and gravitational effects of other galaxies and nebulae. In order for them to have the gravitational effects we observe their mass has to be 10 times what can be accounted for from the observable light matter. The next question is where is this matter? In structures like our solar system the vast majority of the matter is in the sun, ie light matter. This means that there has to be vast quantities of dark matter swirling around some where in the galaxy not tied to planetary systems. Now there is a new problem. If the dark matter that is causing the gravitational effects we can observe is made up of atoms or sub atomic particles we should be able to observe visible effects from it, ie the dimming of stars as thay pass behind a cloud of it. We haven't found any such phenomena. The popular explanation for this is nonbaryonic matter. Baryonic matter is anything made up of particles we find in atoms, ie elements, molecules and frre floating electrons, protons and nuetrons. Nonbaryonic matter are things like nuetrinos and other massless particles that have been identified though quantum physics. The question is do these particles actually have mass and we just can't measure it? Or are there other non baryonic particles out there we haven't found.

Answer 3

In the big bang, sub atomic particles were created when the energy in the singularity flowed in the cold vacuum it appeared. At this instant time and space began, the two can not be separated from each other and the movement of the particles created events which is what makes time. Matter is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. A proton is made up of quarks, a neutron is a proton with an electron embedded in it. An electron is indivisible. John Dalton described the make up of the atom.

Answer 4

"The concept of the "Basic Particle Model" of matter was presented initially at the Spring Conference of the German Physical Society (Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft) on 24 March 2000 in Dresden

by Albrecht Giese." First link, below.

Answer 5

Start with the reference if you asking about the history of our understanding of the atom.