What does a gene and a genetic codon have in common? differences?

Question

I am not too sure of my own answers. Just double checking. Thanks

Answer 1

Gene: codes for all parts of the production of a protein. This includes promoter region, operon, introns, exons, termination.

Codon: a 3 nucleotide base set that codes for a single amino acid.

In common:
- they code for something
-t hey are made of nucleic acids (DNA or mRNA)
- they're read sequentially
- they contribute to something bigger (a codon to a protein and a protein to a cell)

Differences:
- length (gene much, much larger)
- ability to code for its own transcription in gene, whereas codon can't code for its own translation
- codons are in mRNA, and thus have U instead of T, whereas genes are in DNA
- a codon is associated with one amino acid only, whereas alternative splicing can make different proteins from a single gene

Answer 2

Common:
Both gene and codons are nucleic acids.


Differences:
Codon ;
Codon is a triplet of ribonucleotides.
Codon has a message to code of one one amino acid.
Gene
A gene has several deoxyribonucleotides.
A gene has a codes for several amino acids that make a protein.

Answer 3

A gene is the unit of heredity. A genetic codon is a triplet (e.g. GCC, TAA, etc.) that when transcribed into mRNA will code for an amino acid during translation into protein.

Answer 4

gene ---- a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity
http://www.bio-medicine.org/?q=/biology-dictionary/gene
http://www.bio-medicine.org/?q=/biology-definition/Gene


A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides which codes for a specific amino acid. For example, the codon ATG/AUG codes for Methionine
http://www.bio-medicine.org/?q=/Biology-Dictionary/Codon

Answer 5

Gene :
A gene is a set of segments of nucleic acid that contains the information necessary to produce a functional RNA product in a controlled manner. They contain regulatory regions dictating under what conditions this product is made, transcribed regions dictating the sequence of the RNA product, and/or other functional sequence regions. The physical development and phenotype of organisms can be thought of as a product of genes interacting with each other and with the environment,and genes can be considered as units of inheritance.

In cells, genes consist of a long strand of DNA that contains a promoter, which controls the activity of a gene, and a coding sequence, which determines what the gene produces. When a gene is active, the coding sequence is copied in a process called transcription, producing an RNA copy of the gene's information. This RNA can then direct the synthesis of proteins via the genetic code. However, RNAs can also be used directly, for example as part of the ribosome. These molecules resulting from gene expression, whether RNA or protein, are known as gene products.

Most genes contain non-coding regions that do not code for the gene products, but regulate gene expression. The genes of eukaryotic organisms can contain non-coding regions called introns that are removed from the messenger RNA in a process known as splicing. The regions that actually encode the gene product, which can be much smaller than the introns, are known as exons. One single gene can lead to the synthesis of multiple proteins through the different arrangements of exons produced by alternative splicings.

The total complement of genes in an organism or cell is known as its genome. The genome size of an organism is loosely dependent on its complexity; prokaryotes such as bacteria and archaea have generally smaller genomes, both in number of base pairs and number of genes, than even single-celled eukaryotes. However, the largest known genome belongs to the single-celled amoeba Amoeba dubia, with over 6 billion base pairs. The estimated number of genes in the human genome has been repeatedly revised downward since the completion of the Human Genome Project; current estimates place the human genome at just under 3 billion base pairs and about 20,000-25,000 genes. A recent Science article gives a final number of 20,488, with perhaps 100 more yet to be discovered . The gene density of a genome is a measure of the number of genes per million base pairs (called a megabase, Mb); prokaryotic genomes have much higher gene densities than eukaryotes. The gene density of the human genome is roughly 12-15 genes/Mb.

Genetics:

Genetics is the science of heredity and variation in living organisms.Knowledge that desired characteristics were inherited has been implicitly used since prehistoric times for improving crop plants and animals through selective breeding. The science comes from human experience to improve crop and animals through the use of method such as domestication. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the mechanisms of inheritance, only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-1800s.

Mendel observed that inheritance is fundamentally a discrete process with specific traits that are inherited in an independant manner. These basic units of inheritance are now known as "genes". In the cells of organisms, genes exist physically in the structure of the molecule DNA and the information genes contain is used to create and control the components of cells. Although genetics plays a large role in determining the appearance and behavior of organisms, it is the interaction of genetics with the environment an organism experiences that determines the ultimate outcome. For example, while genes play a role in determining a person's height, the nutrition and health that person experiences in childhood also have a large effect.