what to do toreduce the solar energy incidence on the roof of my 2-floor house in mosul ?

Question

the 2nd floor rooms are very hot in summer.

Answer 1

Insulate the attic with thick blown-in or batting fiberglass.

Re-shingle the roof with lighter-color shingles, dark shingles absorb more heat, light ones reflect more heat.

Plant trees on the south side of the home to shade from the sun. Use a local tree that grows quickly and has a large canopy. It won't help you now, but in a few years.

Answer 2

Install a radiant barrier in your attic