A often four ( and occasionally more) movement work for orchestra ( and at times, added chorus). The origin dates back to the early classical era from the period starting around 1750, but the name sinfonia had been used before that, during the baroque. However, it was Haydn who standardized the orchestra into a first and second violin sections, a viola section, and cellos-basses section, plus pairs of natural horse, natural trumpets, oboes, flutes, bassoons, and a pair of kettle drums. There were 30-40 players at tops. The original symphonies by Hayden , as well as his early string quartets, had a slow intro. leading into a fast first movement, a slow lyrics second movement, a minuet third movement, and a rollicking finale movement, thus completing the symphony. In total we are looking a t some 14- to 20 minutes, in full.
Of course, Mozart expanded it a bit, as did early Beethoven. However, Beethoven also hugely enlarged it starting with his 3rd Symphony ( Eroica) in teams of length of composition and as well as the instrumentation.
The great ones were by Haydn ( the London Symphonies, from 1788-1809), Mozart numbers 29. 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, and 41, Beethoven symphonies no. 1,3,5,6,7,9, Schubert great C Major Symphony, Bizet's Symphony in C, Symphony Fantastic by Berlioz, All 4 by Brahms, Pathetic Symphony of Tchaikowsky, Schumann's Spring Symphony, Mendelssohn's Italian sampling, Dvorak's New World Symphony, and so on.
There are other one movement works for symphony, but they are tone poems. Many were by Liszt, the most famous perhaps by Paul Dukas (The Sorcerer's Apprentice). Many of these are to create a mood, or tell a story through music alone. Of course, there are Suites for Symphony Orchestra, which are simply excerpts from various operas. The most famous is The Carmens Suite by Bizet.
2007-07-01 11:39:06
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answer #2
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answered by Legandivori 7
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Well, if you refer to Beethoven and post-Beethoven symphonies, it usually is a musical composition for orchestra in three or four movements. The rule of the thumb is four movements, with the first in fast tempo, the second slow, the third scherzo (literally means joke, but in musical term it's for fast), and finally back to fast in the final movement. There would be variations of this rule, but mostly they adhere to this rule.
Each movement has parts, which is known as the sonata form. Sonata form means there should be a theme, followed by variation, bridge and then finally a recapitulation. This however, is no longer the case in the Post-Beethoven symphonies. Composers would simply toss the themes and variations around to make wonderful music, and they usually work.
Well, that's the slim version of what symphony is.
2007-07-01 08:39:59
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answer #3
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answered by jarod_jared 3
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