i need to research on how a check goes through the banking process?

Question

when you write out a check, what does a bank first do when they get the check from someone who want's to cash it.

Answer 1

Explaining the cheque clearing cycle
There is often confusion about how the clearing system works and the time it takes for a cheque to clear. In fact, it operates within a three-day period, illustrated as follows:
The clearing does not operate on Saturdays, Sundays and Bank Holidays – as settlement across Bank of England accounts can only take place Monday to Friday.
In this example, Mr Smith (whose account is with the paying bank) has written a cheque payable to Miss Jones who pays it into her account at the collecting bank on Monday. At the end of each working day each branch sends all the cheques that have been paid in to its bank’s clearing centre. So the cheque paid in by Miss Jones is sent to her bank's clearing centre, arriving in the early hours of Tuesday morning.
At the clearing centres the cheques are sorted. The sort code, account number and serial number are captured from the codeline at the bottom of the cheque and these
together with the amount of the cheque are sent electronically to the banks on which the cheques are drawn (the paying banks) by 11 a.m. on Tuesday. The physical cheque is then batched up together with all other cheques drawn on accounts at the same bank and handed over to the paying bank at the exchange centre in Milton Keynes (or Edinburgh in the case of cheques drawn on accounts held at branches
in Scotland).
The paying bank debits Mr Smith's account with the amount of the cheque on Wednesday morning. At the same time, all banks calculate the amount they must pay each other on the basis of the value of all the cheques exchanged on the previous day. The net balances are then settled across accounts held at the Bank of England.
This is the end of the central clearing cycle.

Click on the link if you're interested to know what happens when a cheque bounces.