I guess the same way it knows how to breath, or how your heart knows how to beat. Every part has it's job and all follows along.
2007-06-28 14:01:08
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answer #1
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answered by joan 4
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The body knows when to convert glucose to glycogen by special hormones produced by the liver .
Also glycogen is converted to glucose by a hormone called
adrenalin which prepares the body for emergencies by increasing the blood sugar level (ie glycogen is converted to glucose) , increasing the rate of heartbeat and respiration to release energy for the body to deal with the emergency.Have you thought of why suddenly one begins to breath fast or the heart begins to beat fast when one is frightened,so these hormones make the body know anything
2007-06-28 14:34:46
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answer #2
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answered by Psygnosis 3
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There is a sensor system that "measures" the amount of glucose in the blood and compares it to a set point (kind of like when you set your thermostat to a certain temperature). When the sensor finds the blood has a lot of glucose, it causes the hormone insulin to be released. Insulin causes the liver, skeletal muscle and some other tissues to take up glucose, so the level in the blood goes down. If however, it finds that the glucose is too low, it causes the hormone glucagon to be released. Glucagon causes the liver (and other tissues) to release glucose to the blood, so the level goes up.
2007-06-28 19:28:17
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answer #3
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answered by kt 7
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You are talking here, of glycolisis (utilization of glycogen) and gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glycogen)
glycolisis is triggered by very well defined stimuli, such as low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), stress, adrenaline secretion, starvation, prensence of insulin in the blood etc
In this case, the activation of glycogen debranching phosphorylase, takes away the phosphorus from the inactive form of protein kinase I, and by obtaining the dephosphorilated form,. you get the active enzyme....this will "break" the junctions of the polymer glycogen into single molecules of glucose 6 phosphate, because it only acts in the unions 1-6 phosphate (link specific), increasing the blood sugar in case of a lowering of this.....
This first process can be reverted by glucagon.....
Gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glycogen starting from smple molecules) is more complex...
It is initiated by inactivation of phosphorilase that causes glycolisis, and activation of the "branching enzyme" present also inthe liver,
This will take phosphatidil glycerol, aminoacids, fructose (phosphorilated), lipidic acids (acetone, acetoacetic acid, beta hydroxibutiric acid, etc) and will form 6 carbon molecules of glucose, using energy (ATP) converting all those compounds first, in glucose 1 phosphate, then the action of the phosphoglucomutase will transform such compounds again in glucose 6 phosphate (is an isomerase), and will "stick" the chain of molecules in the inner cytoplasm of the hepatocite, to form glycogen, a polymer of the glucose, also called the "animal starch" or caloric emergency reserve,,,,,
This whole procedure from glucose 6 phosphate to energy, to glycogen again, is called the Cori cycle...
Described by a lady doctor in Michigan in 1961,,,she was awarded the Nobel Prize for her work
2007-06-28 20:04:13
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answer #4
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answered by Sehr_Klug 50 6
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feedback loops.
(The brain keenly depends on glucose for energy, and mammalians have redundant systems to control glucose production. An increase in circulating glucose inhibits glucose production in the liver)
so pretty much, if we have a lot of blood glucose our bodies don't breakdown glycogen. when we run out of blood glucose, that signals glycogen breakdown; glucose presence/absence triggers which process is performed. blah, blah, blah...but, um, don't believe me--i didn't pay much attention in metabolic chemistry.
2007-06-28 15:41:26
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answer #5
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answered by Anonymous
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