How much time and $ does it take to install a content management system (CMS)?

Answer 1

as cheap as you want it to be
there are free CMS sites ; you'll have to google for them
you can find cheap webshoting with database management included. and of course domian registration can be cheap.

fully loaded CMS sites with the bells and whistles, means you need a good server (dedicated can cost you thousands per month). and custom CMS site programmed by a contractor can cost you thousands. The only cheap thing would be the domain registration.