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2007-06-17 07:26:17 · 4 answers · asked by Anonymous in Arts & Humanities History

or primary sources for operation Spring of Youth

2007-06-17 07:27:30 · update #1

4 answers

Operation Wrath of God (Operation Spring of Youth is listed below with primary sources and eye witness accounts)
(Hebrew: מבצע זעם האל, Mivtza Za'am Ha'el), also called Operation Bayonet,[1] was a covert operation directed by Israel and the Mossad to assassinate individuals alleged to have been directly or indirectly involved in the 1972 Munich massacre.

Their targets included members of the Palestinian militant group Black September, who were responsible for the Munich attack, and members of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) accused of being involved.[2] Authorized to begin by Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir in the autumn of 1972, the operation may have continued for more than 20 years.[3]

During this time, covert Israeli assassination units killed dozens of Palestinians and Arabs across Europe, including the mistaken killing of an innocent waiter in Lillehammer, Norway, in what became known as the Lillehammer affair. An additional military assault was launched by Israeli commandos deep inside Lebanon to kill several high-profile Palestinian targets. This string of assassinations spurred retaliatory attacks by Black September against a variety of Israeli government targets around the world. It has also prompted criticism of Israel for its choice of targets, tactic of assassination, and overall effectiveness. Because of the secretive nature of the operation, some details are unverifiable beyond a single source, including the story of an Israeli who claims to have led an Israeli assassination squad.

The operation was depicted in the television film Sword of Gideon (1986), and Steven Spielberg's Munich (2005).
Nice citations and sources quoted in this wiki article
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Wrath_of_God

Operation Spring of Youth (includes several eye witness accounts, primary sources, and bibliography)
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/opspring.html
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/11/20/60II/main318655.shtml
http://www.palestine-encyclopedia.com/EPP/Chapter17_3of6.htm

2007-06-17 07:42:31 · answer #1 · answered by . 6 · 0 0

Operation Wrath Of God

2016-09-30 12:32:00 · answer #2 · answered by ? 4 · 0 0

"Wrath of God", also called "Operation Bayonet" (Mossad operation to assasinate individuals alleged to have been directly or indirectly involved in the 1972 Munich massacre) :

- Black, Ian. Morris, Benny. "Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services". New York: Grove Press, 1991. ISBN 0-8021-1159-9
- Klein, Aaron J. "Striking Back: The 1972 Munich Olympics Massacre and Israel's Deadly Response". New York: Random House, Inc., 2005. ISBN 1-4000-6427-9
- Morris, Benny. "Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict 1881-1999". New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1999. ISBN 0-679-42120-3
- Ostrovsky, Victor. "By Way of Deception-The making and unmaking of a Mossad Officer". New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990. ISBN 0-9717595-0-2
- Reeve, Simon. "One Day in September". New York: Arcade Publishing, 2000. ISBN 1-55970-547-7

"Operation Spring of Youth", 1973 Israeli raid on Lebanon, when Israel Defense Forces special forces units attacked several PLO targets in Beirut and Sidon, Lebanon. This raid was part of the larger "Operation Wrath of God" :

- Bregman, Ahron (2002). Israel's Wars: A History Since 1947. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-28716-2
- "Jewish Virtual Library": Detailed Israeli viewpoint and eyewitness accounts : http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/opspring.html
- "Journal of Counterterrorism & Security International": Includes background material on the 1972 Munich Olympic Massacre and Israel's hunt for its perpetrators : http://www.specialoperations.com/Counterterrorism/operation_wrath_of_god.html
- "CBS News: An Eye For An Eye" Includes short testimonies by Barak and Adwan's daughter : http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/11/20/60II/main318655.shtml
- "Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem": History of IDF operations vs. Palestinians from a Palestinian viewpoint, including this operation : http://www.palestine-encyclopedia.com/EPP/Chapter17_3of6.htm

Of course, the real primary sources are in the Mossad and IDF archives. Good luck in getting those!

2007-06-17 07:39:11 · answer #3 · answered by Erik Van Thienen 7 · 0 0

Munich is just a big city with: restaurant, nightlife and accommodation listings, with hotelbye , you could have a look. Munich is the capital city of Bavaria and the third-most populous city in Germany. For generations the seat of the Dukes, Electors, and Leaders of Bavaria, the Munich Residenz is undoubtedly one of Europe's many magnificent palaces. Laid out about eight big courts, the huge resident complex comprises three principal areas: the Königsbau, fronting into Max-Joseph-Platz; the Alte Residenz, experiencing Residenzstrasse; and the Festsaalbau (Banqueting Hall) overlooking the Hofgarten. The initial area of this enormous complicated to be developed was the wonderful Antiquarium, built in 1579 and now part of the exceptional Residenz Museum. Munich is really a town with lots of history, be sure to investigate it whole.

2016-12-20 16:48:36 · answer #4 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

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