How far apart are each degree of latitude and each degree of longitude?

Answer 1

It is exactly 10,000,000 meters from equator to pole. It is exact because that is how a meter is defined. Divide by 90 and you 111.111 km per degree of latitude.
Longitude varies by latitude but a degree of longitude at the equator is the same as a degree of latitude.

Answer 2

Mr Brahe's sister is right and then close......latitude ( IE measuring North South) is constant all over the world and is 60 nautical miles a degree, or as she said 69 statute miles. ( Ever wonder how we got nautical miles........?Divide the Earths circumference of 21,600 nautical miles by 360 for degrees, the 60 minutes = a degree, or a nautical mile...which is also where we get a mile a minute; it has nothing to do with 60 (statute) miles and hour.

SO 10 to 20 degrees latitude is the same as 30 to 40 or 70 to 80 or 12 to 22..

Answer 3

Longitude depends upon your latitude. At the pole, they all cram together. At the equator, each degree is about 70 miles.

Latitude is constant. Each degree is about 70 miles.