how and why did ancient greece collapes?

Answer 1

The term "collapsed" is incorrect. Ancient Greece never collapsed. There is a continuity up to our days in all sectors of political and social life.
- The today country called Greece (Hellas) is the continuation of ancient Greece.
- Greek language continues to be spoken,
- Democracy as a political system exists in most of the countries worldwide,
- In our modern times philosophy, medicine and sciences still use the basic principles as well as the scientific terminology established by ancient greeks.
- Ancient greek literature continues to provide us with philosophical meanings that are still valid in our days.

Now if your question does not relate to ancient greece but as to how and why the direct democracy and the Athenian alliance collapsed , there are several opinions.

To my opinion the reason was that Athens started asking high taxes from the other greek cities who complained and this complain resulted to the Peloponnesian war with Sparta another greek city wanting to control the alliance. The war lasted for a long period of 30 years which has weakened the social benefits citizens had previously and in consequence they lost their trust towards Athens and that is how Athenian alliance collapsed.

Answer 2

Ancient Greece did not really collapse as much as it was absorbed.

After the death of Alexander the great, his empire was carved up amongst his greatest generals. The two generals who took over the traditional Greek lands were able administrators, but the economy had spread to a need beyond Greece proper.

The Hellenization of the Ancient Mediterranean and Near East lasted about 200-250 years after Alexander, with a few incursions and minor breaks. Around 100BCE, Rome began to rise. As Rome (Which was a Hellenized state by this time) expanded, it simply seemed to absorb all of Greece. This is not to say there were no military or economic skirmishes, but that those were relatively minor events on the greater scale of events. Greece went with a whimper, not a bang.

Answer 3

This question is too broad, and will therefore get a broad answer. Greece was conquered by Rome.

Your referal to ancient Greece implies that you think of it as a unified nation. It was not. Nor did it really collapse. Various city states did well at different points in time, but few could ever really be said to have collapsed. The war between Athens and Sparta destroyed neither state, as the previous poster implied.

Alexander conquered Greece and subjugated all its cities, but never really unified the Greek world. I suppose you could call the period of Macedonian rule a "collapse", but most cities retained their own forms of government and economy and continued to resist Alexander's dominion. These states did not really lose their independence until they were acquired by Rome.

Answer 4

First off, there was the war between Athens and Sparta. This was a war of attrition that destroyed them both. Athens later was no match for Philip king of of Macedon (and later his son Alexander the Great) when he descended upon Greece. After Alexander had conquered Greece, Persia, Egypt, and lands beyond, all the way to India, Greece and Macedonia were left to his prime minister Antipater. Alexander had died meanwhile in a camp near India.